Perfil nutricional e análise comparativa dos recursos alimentares da tartaruga verde, Chelonia mydas, e a influência da urbanização em sua dieta

• Autor(a) principal: Bastos, Kathiani Victor
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/9117
• topic: Macroalgas; Tartaruga - Nutrição; Angiosperma; Valor nutritivo; Urbanização; Ciências Ambientais; 55

This work aimed to determine the nutritional value of the main marine vegetables consumed by the green turtle (Chelonia mydas) in the coastal zone in order to evaluate the influence of urbanization on the chemical composition and nutritional value of the diet and the health of these marine megaherbivores. Three genera of algae (Hypnea, Ulva and Caulerpa) and a marine angiosperm (Halodule wrightii) were selected which together correspond to 85% of the green turtle diet. These were collected in two feeding areas with different degrees of urbanization in Espírito Santo: Vitória (highly urbanized) and Fundão (not urbanized). The nutritional value was determined through the quantification of chlorophyll a, carotenoids, phycobiliproteins, total sugars, total proteins and total lipids. The algae collected in Vitória presented concentrations higher than those collected in Fundão for most of the evaluated parameters. Total carbohydrates and total lipids levels were higher in both stations studied. Halodule exhibited higher carbohydrate concentrations with an average of 1.002 mg/g and lipids had an general average of 7.35 mg/g in summer and 7.50 mg/g in winter. The proteins had an average increase of 2.32%. As a consequence, caloric values were also higher in this region with the highest values recorded for Ulva, which presented 7.49 kcal in winter and 6.24 kcal in summer. These results are associated with the response of these organisms to the physiological stress that promotes the production of primary metabolites, consequently reducing chemical diversity and further altering the nutritional balance of turtles. The data obtained demonstrate a change in the chemical composition and diversity of these marine plants in different degrees of urbanization that associated to the high frequency and severity of individuals with fibropapillomatosis in Vitória evidences their direct influence on the health of these individuals.