Fertilidade, estoque de carbono orgânico do solo e serapilheira em uma Floresta Estacional Semidecidual Submontana

• Autor(a) principal: Delarmelina, William Macedo
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/5054
• topic: Nutrient cycling; Forest soils; Biomass; Decomposition; Atlantic Forest; Ciclagem de nutrientes; Decomposição; Floresta Atlântica; Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal; Solos florestais; Biodegradação; Biomassa; Mata Atlântica; 630

Through the litter production has the process of nutrient cycling, which has great ecological significance, as make a connection between production cycles and decomposition of organic matter, culminating in the main return path of nutrients and organic matter to the ground. This study aimed to characterize soil fertility and estimate the production and litter accumulation, as well as the return of nutrients to the soil of Submontane Seasonal Semideciduous Forest, ES. The study was conducted in a section of forest, located in Cachoeiro de Itapemirim, Espírito Santo. For soil and deposited and accumulated litter sampling, were used twelve plots of equal size (20 x 50 m) demarcated systematically in the forest. To study the chemical and physical properties of the soil as well as the soil stock of organic carbon proceeded the soil sampling at four distinct layers: 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-40 cm. for the sampling of the litter, monthly in each plot five samples were collected of deposited material and twelve samples, randomly, of accumulated litter. The litter produced was separated into fractions leaves/miscellaneous and branches. We determined the concentrations and amounts of nutrients and organic carbon contained in the deposited and accumulated litter, plus the efficiency of nutrient use and litter decomposition rate. The soil of the fragment under study has little acid character with average fertility. The soil layers (0-5 and 5-10 cm) concentrated most of the nutrients available to vegetation due to input and decomposition of the organic material deposited thereon. In general, the interpretation of the principal components were similar for the four ground layers studied. Cluster analysis allowed the identification of four groups of plots based on the results of chemical and physical soil properties. In relation to soil organic carbon in the layer 0-40 cm was found the average total stock of 62.21 Mg ha-1 . The litter produced contributed an average of 7627.71 kg ha-1 yr-1 , with seasonality marked the end of the dry season (July/2013 to September/2013). The order of the efficiency of macronutrients and micronutrients were: P> S> Mg> K> N> Ca and Cu> Zn> B> Fe> Mn, respectively. Calcium is the nutrient found in higher levels in all fractions of the litter. The largest average litter accumulations occurred in April / 2013 (8264.6 kg ha-1 yr-1 ) and September/2013 (7011.3 kg ha-1 yr-1 ), indicating no seasonal pattern in litter accumulation . For the fragment studied the estimated value of the decomposition rate (k) was 1.40. The amount of macro and micronutrients in the accumulated litter followed the following descending order: Ca> N> Mg> K> S> P and Fe> Mn> B> Zn> Cu, respectively. In general, the return of nutrients through the litter is an important route of nutrient cycling in the forest, improving soil fertility, the high quality and diversity of stored nutrients in litter accumulated.