Regeneração natural e banco de sementes do solo em um gradiente altitudinal de Floresta Ombrófila Densa
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2017 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes) |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/7662 |
Resumo: | To understand natural regeneration as a process of species conservation in the ecosystem, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms that allow the entry of new individuals into the forest community and the influence exerted by environmental variables on the distribution of these species. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the influence of environmental variables on the structure of natural regeneration and analyze the composition of the soil seed bank and its floristic relationships with the regenerating and adult strata of the community, as well as with seed rain along an altitudinal gradient. The study was carried out in the Santa Marta valley, south of the Caparao National Park, located on the border of the states of Espirito Santo and Minas Gerais. During previous studies, seven permanent plots were demarcated along the valley at different altitudinal quotas. For sampling of natural regeneration and seed bank, four subplots (2 x 20 m) were systematically allocated adjacent to each of the seven plots. In each subplots, height and diameter at ground height (DAS) data were recorded of individuals in height > 50 cm and diameter at 1.30 m above the ground (DAP) < 2.5 cm; and at two seasons of the year (rainy and dry seasons) samples of the first 8 cm of soil were collected. These samples were kept in a greenhouse for six months, where monthly evaluations of the number of germinated seeds were carried out. Data from seed rain and the adult component were obtained from previous studies. In addition to the vegetation data, several environmental and spatial variables (MEMs - Moran’s Eigenvector Maps) were evaluated. The floristic similarity between the quotas was analyzed based on the Bray-Curtis similarity index, using UPGMA cluster analysis. Redundancy Analysis (RDA) was performed to verify the influence of environmental and spatial factors on regenerating vegetation; and the Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS), to analyze the floristic relationships in the forest stretch under study. Both for natural regeneration and for the seed bank, the higher elevations (1.420 to 1.550 m a.s.l.) were floristically more similar to each other than with the lower quotas (1.112 to 1.391 m a.s.l.). It was verified that the pattern of species substitution occurred due to environmental variables (litter accumulation and potential soil acidity) and the spatial variable MEM 15, with the first three RDA axes explaining an accumulated 60.1% of the variation in the floristic composition of the regenerating community. Finally, there was a floristic distancing of the seed bank in relation to seed rain, atural regeneration and adult vegetation in all altimetric quotas, mainly due to the predominance of pioneer species. These results confirm that some species have environmental preferences along the gradient and that the joint action of environmental and spatial variables are important predictors of the distribution of regenerating species. It is also concluded that the seed bank is an important mechanism to recompose the vegetal cover after eventual disturbances, because it is composed mainly of species of initial stages of succession. |
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Kunz, Sustanis HornDias, Henrique MachadoAbreu, Vítor de SouzaCallegaro, Rafael MarianGarbin, Mário Luís2018-08-01T22:35:47Z2018-08-012018-08-01T22:35:47Z2017-07-25To understand natural regeneration as a process of species conservation in the ecosystem, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms that allow the entry of new individuals into the forest community and the influence exerted by environmental variables on the distribution of these species. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the influence of environmental variables on the structure of natural regeneration and analyze the composition of the soil seed bank and its floristic relationships with the regenerating and adult strata of the community, as well as with seed rain along an altitudinal gradient. The study was carried out in the Santa Marta valley, south of the Caparao National Park, located on the border of the states of Espirito Santo and Minas Gerais. During previous studies, seven permanent plots were demarcated along the valley at different altitudinal quotas. For sampling of natural regeneration and seed bank, four subplots (2 x 20 m) were systematically allocated adjacent to each of the seven plots. In each subplots, height and diameter at ground height (DAS) data were recorded of individuals in height > 50 cm and diameter at 1.30 m above the ground (DAP) < 2.5 cm; and at two seasons of the year (rainy and dry seasons) samples of the first 8 cm of soil were collected. These samples were kept in a greenhouse for six months, where monthly evaluations of the number of germinated seeds were carried out. Data from seed rain and the adult component were obtained from previous studies. In addition to the vegetation data, several environmental and spatial variables (MEMs - Moran’s Eigenvector Maps) were evaluated. The floristic similarity between the quotas was analyzed based on the Bray-Curtis similarity index, using UPGMA cluster analysis. Redundancy Analysis (RDA) was performed to verify the influence of environmental and spatial factors on regenerating vegetation; and the Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS), to analyze the floristic relationships in the forest stretch under study. Both for natural regeneration and for the seed bank, the higher elevations (1.420 to 1.550 m a.s.l.) were floristically more similar to each other than with the lower quotas (1.112 to 1.391 m a.s.l.). It was verified that the pattern of species substitution occurred due to environmental variables (litter accumulation and potential soil acidity) and the spatial variable MEM 15, with the first three RDA axes explaining an accumulated 60.1% of the variation in the floristic composition of the regenerating community. Finally, there was a floristic distancing of the seed bank in relation to seed rain, atural regeneration and adult vegetation in all altimetric quotas, mainly due to the predominance of pioneer species. These results confirm that some species have environmental preferences along the gradient and that the joint action of environmental and spatial variables are important predictors of the distribution of regenerating species. It is also concluded that the seed bank is an important mechanism to recompose the vegetal cover after eventual disturbances, because it is composed mainly of species of initial stages of succession.Para entender a regeneração natural como um processo de manutenção das espécies no ecossistema, é preciso compreender os mecanismos que viabilizam o ingresso de indivíduos na comunidade florestal e a influência de variáveis ambientais sobre a distribuição dessas espécies. Este estudo teve como objetivos investigar a influência de variáveis ambientais sobre a estrutura da regeneração natural e analisar a composição do banco de sementes do solo e suas relações florísticas com os estratos regenerante e adulto da comunidade, bem como com a chuva de sementes em um gradiente altitudinal. O estudo foi realizado no vale Santa Marta, ao sul do Parque Nacional do Caparaó, localizado na divisa dos estados do Espírito Santo e Minas Gerais. Durante estudos anteriores, foram demarcadas ao longo do vale, sete parcelas permanentes em diferentes cotas altitudinais. Para amostragem da regeneração natural e do banco de sementes, foram alocadas adjacentes a cada uma das sete parcelas, quatro subparcelas (2 x 20 m). Foram registrados dados de altura e diâmetro a altura do solo (DAS) de todos os indivíduos com altura mínima de 50 cm e diâmetro a altura do peito (DAP) inferior a 2,5 cm; e em duas épocas do ano (chuvosa e seca), foram coletadas amostras dos primeiros 8 cm de solo. Essas amostras foram mantidas em casa de vegetação por seis meses, onde foram realizadas avaliações mensais da quantidade de sementes germinadas. Os dados da chuva de sementes e do componente adulto foram obtidos de estudos anteriores. Além dos dados de vegetação, foram avaliadas variáveis ambientais e espaciais (MEMs Morans Eigenvector Maps) na comunidade. A similaridade florística entre as cotas altitudinais foi analisada com base no índice de Bray-Curtis, utilizando o método de agrupamento por médias não ponderadas (UPGMA). Foi realizada a Análise de Redundância (RDA), para verificar a influência de fatores ambientais e espaciais na vegetação regenerante; e o Escalonamento Multidimensional Não-métrico (NMDS), para analisar as relações florísticas no trecho de floresta em estudo. Tanto para a regeneração natural quanto para o banco de sementes, as cotas mais elevadas (1.420 a 1.550 m) foram floristicamente mais semelhantes entre si do que com as cotas mais baixas (1.112 a 1.391 m). Constatou-se que o padrão de distribuição de espécies se deu em função das variáveis ambientais (acúmulo de serapilheira e acidez potencial do solo) e da variável espacial MEM 15, sendo que os três primeiros eixos da RDA explicaram 60,1% da variação na composição florística do comunidade regenerante. Por fim, verificou-se o distanciamento florístico do banco de sementes em relação à chuva de sementes, regeneração natural e vegetação adulta em todas as cotas altimétricas, principalmente devido à predominância de espécies pioneiras. Estes resultados comprovam que algumas espécies possuem preferências ambientais ao longo do gradiente e que a ação conjunta de variáveis ambientais e espaciais são importantes preditoras da distribuição das espécies regenerantes no trecho de floresta estudado. Conclui-se ainda, que o banco de sementes é um importante mecanismo de recomposição da cobertura vegetal após eventuais distúrbios, pois é composto principalmente por espécies de estágios iniciais de sucessão. Palavras-chave: Ecologia de comunidades florestais; estoque de sementes; diferenciação florística; relação vegetação-ambiente.TextABREU, Vítor de Souza. Regeneração natural e banco de sementes do solo em um gradiente altitudinal de Floresta Ombrófila Densa. 2017. 124 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Florestais) – Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Florestais, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Engenharias, Jerônimo Monteiro, 2017.http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/7662porUniversidade Federal do Espírito SantoMestrado em Ciências FlorestaisPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências FlorestaisUFESBRCentro de Ciências Agrárias e EngenhariasForest communities ecologyseed stockfloristic differentiationenvironment-vegetation relationshipEcologia de comunidades florestaisEstoque de sementesDiferenciação florísticarelação vegetação-ambienteSementesEcologia florestalDiversidade biológicaRecursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal630Regeneração natural e banco de sementes do solo em um gradiente altitudinal de Floresta Ombrófila DensaNatural regeneration and soil seed bank along an_x000D_ altitudinal gradient of Ombrophilous Rainforesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes)instname:Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES)instacron:UFESORIGINALVítordeSouzaAbreu-2017-trabalho.pdfapplication/pdf3610891http://repositorio.ufes.br/bitstreams/9b2f38fb-bec7-4d72-aca2-8dc9909bb542/download75c84ab71108446b250b0efbcf741833MD5110/76622024-06-21 15:46:33.79oai:repositorio.ufes.br:10/7662http://repositorio.ufes.brRepositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.ufes.br/oai/requestopendoar:21082024-06-21T15:46:33Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes) - Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Regeneração natural e banco de sementes do solo em um gradiente altitudinal de Floresta Ombrófila Densa |
dc.title.alternative.none.fl_str_mv |
Natural regeneration and soil seed bank along an_x000D_ altitudinal gradient of Ombrophilous Rainfores |
title |
Regeneração natural e banco de sementes do solo em um gradiente altitudinal de Floresta Ombrófila Densa |
spellingShingle |
Regeneração natural e banco de sementes do solo em um gradiente altitudinal de Floresta Ombrófila Densa Abreu, Vítor de Souza Forest communities ecology seed stock floristic differentiation environment-vegetation relationship Ecologia de comunidades florestais Estoque de sementes Diferenciação florística relação vegetação-ambiente Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal Sementes Ecologia florestal Diversidade biológica 630 |
title_short |
Regeneração natural e banco de sementes do solo em um gradiente altitudinal de Floresta Ombrófila Densa |
title_full |
Regeneração natural e banco de sementes do solo em um gradiente altitudinal de Floresta Ombrófila Densa |
title_fullStr |
Regeneração natural e banco de sementes do solo em um gradiente altitudinal de Floresta Ombrófila Densa |
title_full_unstemmed |
Regeneração natural e banco de sementes do solo em um gradiente altitudinal de Floresta Ombrófila Densa |
title_sort |
Regeneração natural e banco de sementes do solo em um gradiente altitudinal de Floresta Ombrófila Densa |
author |
Abreu, Vítor de Souza |
author_facet |
Abreu, Vítor de Souza |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Kunz, Sustanis Horn |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Dias, Henrique Machado |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Abreu, Vítor de Souza |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Callegaro, Rafael Marian |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Garbin, Mário Luís |
contributor_str_mv |
Kunz, Sustanis Horn Dias, Henrique Machado Callegaro, Rafael Marian Garbin, Mário Luís |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Forest communities ecology seed stock floristic differentiation environment-vegetation relationship |
topic |
Forest communities ecology seed stock floristic differentiation environment-vegetation relationship Ecologia de comunidades florestais Estoque de sementes Diferenciação florística relação vegetação-ambiente Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal Sementes Ecologia florestal Diversidade biológica 630 |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Ecologia de comunidades florestais Estoque de sementes Diferenciação florística relação vegetação-ambiente |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal |
dc.subject.br-rjbn.none.fl_str_mv |
Sementes Ecologia florestal |
dc.subject.br-rjfgvb.none.fl_str_mv |
Diversidade biológica |
dc.subject.udc.none.fl_str_mv |
630 |
description |
To understand natural regeneration as a process of species conservation in the ecosystem, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms that allow the entry of new individuals into the forest community and the influence exerted by environmental variables on the distribution of these species. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the influence of environmental variables on the structure of natural regeneration and analyze the composition of the soil seed bank and its floristic relationships with the regenerating and adult strata of the community, as well as with seed rain along an altitudinal gradient. The study was carried out in the Santa Marta valley, south of the Caparao National Park, located on the border of the states of Espirito Santo and Minas Gerais. During previous studies, seven permanent plots were demarcated along the valley at different altitudinal quotas. For sampling of natural regeneration and seed bank, four subplots (2 x 20 m) were systematically allocated adjacent to each of the seven plots. In each subplots, height and diameter at ground height (DAS) data were recorded of individuals in height > 50 cm and diameter at 1.30 m above the ground (DAP) < 2.5 cm; and at two seasons of the year (rainy and dry seasons) samples of the first 8 cm of soil were collected. These samples were kept in a greenhouse for six months, where monthly evaluations of the number of germinated seeds were carried out. Data from seed rain and the adult component were obtained from previous studies. In addition to the vegetation data, several environmental and spatial variables (MEMs - Moran’s Eigenvector Maps) were evaluated. The floristic similarity between the quotas was analyzed based on the Bray-Curtis similarity index, using UPGMA cluster analysis. Redundancy Analysis (RDA) was performed to verify the influence of environmental and spatial factors on regenerating vegetation; and the Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS), to analyze the floristic relationships in the forest stretch under study. Both for natural regeneration and for the seed bank, the higher elevations (1.420 to 1.550 m a.s.l.) were floristically more similar to each other than with the lower quotas (1.112 to 1.391 m a.s.l.). It was verified that the pattern of species substitution occurred due to environmental variables (litter accumulation and potential soil acidity) and the spatial variable MEM 15, with the first three RDA axes explaining an accumulated 60.1% of the variation in the floristic composition of the regenerating community. Finally, there was a floristic distancing of the seed bank in relation to seed rain, atural regeneration and adult vegetation in all altimetric quotas, mainly due to the predominance of pioneer species. These results confirm that some species have environmental preferences along the gradient and that the joint action of environmental and spatial variables are important predictors of the distribution of regenerating species. It is also concluded that the seed bank is an important mechanism to recompose the vegetal cover after eventual disturbances, because it is composed mainly of species of initial stages of succession. |
publishDate |
2017 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2017-07-25 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2018-08-01T22:35:47Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2018-08-01 2018-08-01T22:35:47Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
ABREU, Vítor de Souza. Regeneração natural e banco de sementes do solo em um gradiente altitudinal de Floresta Ombrófila Densa. 2017. 124 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Florestais) – Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Florestais, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Engenharias, Jerônimo Monteiro, 2017. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/7662 |
identifier_str_mv |
ABREU, Vítor de Souza. Regeneração natural e banco de sementes do solo em um gradiente altitudinal de Floresta Ombrófila Densa. 2017. 124 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Florestais) – Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Florestais, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Engenharias, Jerônimo Monteiro, 2017. |
url |
http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/7662 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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openAccess |
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Text |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo Mestrado em Ciências Florestais |
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Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Florestais |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UFES |
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BR |
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv |
Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Engenharias |
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo Mestrado em Ciências Florestais |
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reponame:Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes) instname:Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES) instacron:UFES |
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