Diversidade e vigor rizogênico de genótipos de Passiflora mucronata Lam. e enxertias entre Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg. e Passiflora mucronata Lam.

• Autor(a) principal: França, Juliany Morosini
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/8257
• topic: Passiflora spp.; Propagação; Ácido indol-3-butírico; Diversidade genética; Propagation; Indole-3-butyric acid; Genetical diversity; Agronomia; Passiflora; Genética vegetal; Diversidade vegetal; 63

The genus Passiflora has high genetic diversity, yet the commercial plantations are restricted to two species, which has featured a low resistance to major diseases of passion fruit.In this context aimed to analyze the effect rhizogenic and gas exchange in the genetic diversity of Passiflora mucronata Lam. treated or not with auxin, assess the number of apical segments in commercial crops of Passiflora edulis Sims. f. flavicarpa Deg. and test two methods of grafting between P. edulis f. flavicarpa and P. mucronata through the use of fasteners. Among the wild species Passiflora mucronata has agronomic characteristics relevant to the production clonal, the resistance to bacterial blight on leaves, anthracnose in fruits and branches and fusarium. In this scenario we developed two experiments: the first one is the assessment of diversity and rhizogenic force of P. mucronata genotypes treated or not with auxin.The design was randomized blocks in a factorial 9x2 [genotype 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8 and 9 x auxin (IBA - indole-3-butyric acid): absence and presence (1000 mg kg-1 )] with four replicates of 16 poles. The root characteristics evaluated were emergency; emergency speed index, average time of emergency, root dry weight, nevertheless evaluated dry mass of shoots, net photosynthesis, stomatal xii conductance, internal carbon, sweating. The second objective was to evaluate grafting between P. edulis f. flavicarpa and P. mucronata. The experimental design was a randomized block, 3x2 factorial [grafting mode: grafting and encostia x fasteners: parafilme® micropore® and thread sealing® ], with four replicates of twelve grafts. The characteristics evaluated were the number of apical segments in commercial fields and percentage of fruit set. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and the averages of the different types of cuttings were compared by Tukey test and phenotypic correlation. Genetic diversity has been studied according to the Tocher grouping method based on the Mahalanobis distance (D2ii') and canonical variables. Considering the variables analyzed, indicated the use of acid-indole-3- butyric acid, the stakes in concentration de1000 mg kg-1 . Due to increased rhizogenic force percentage, net photosynthetic rate, root and shoot dry weight in some genotypes when compared to the absence of auxin. Genetic diversity has allowed the formation of three groups. The morphological and physiological variables of contribution to the genetic divergence in the absence and presence of IBA, were, in the absence, IVER (38.75) and (20.27%) and MSRA (15.87 g) and in the presence, gs (23.19 mol m-2 s -1 ), SARM (20.91 g) and DMAP (19.66 g). Commercial crops of P. edulis f. flavicarpa can contribute significantly in minigarfagem, by producing apical segments, without prejudice to the mother plant. The treatments represented by grafting methods (minigarfagem and encostia) and fasteners (parafilme® , micropore® and thread sealing® ) showed an average of 94.90%, indicating huge compatibility between independent species studied the grafting method and fasteners in the union P. edulis f. flavicarpa x P. mucronata. It is indicated the parafilm® fastener for convenience and ease of handling, recommended to the two grafting methods.