Identidade social e representações sociais de rural e cidade em um contexto rural comunitário: campo de antinomias

• Autor(a) principal: Bonomo, Mariana
• Data de Publicação: 2010
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/3123
• topic: Social group; Social representation; Rurality; Social identity; Urbanity; Grupo social; Identidade social; Representação social; Ruralidade; Urbanidade; Psicologia; Vida rural; Vida urbana; 159.9

An outstanding feature on the contemporary scene is the advance in the process of globalization, the main characteristics of which are the intense flow of capital along with economic exploitation as well as pressure towards a cultural hegemony. As a result of this process, traditional groups and their experiences, considered of being backward and representative of an outdated era, are cast aside from what is considered to be socially legitimate. It is an important task to reach an understanding of how minorities have experienced this increasing pressure towards hegemony, especially in terms of the rural way of life, personified as the opposite of all that is urban, modern and civilized. The aim of this thesis is to identify, describe and analyze the social identity of the members of a rural community in Espírito Santo taking as a starting point identity processes and social representations closely bound to rural and urban categories, which required the theoretical-conceptual input of social representation theory and social identity theory. Referenced in the junction of these two cited theories, the research was developed in two phases: (E1): a community census was carried out among representatives of 167 local families in order to gain a familiarity with the organization of both the community and the families and (E2): an investigation into the makeup of the representational field as well as the identification processes and social differentiation in the context of a ruralurban comparison was carried out through interviews with 200 members representing four generations within the community. The corpora of data was analyzed using the software EVOC-2003, SPAD-T, SPSS-17 and ALCESTE, as well as the Content Analysis, according to the research objectives and nature of the data. The results referred to the community context revealed a social organization based on the rural way of life, a familiar agriculture production system agriculture and the installation of places where families may interact. A semantic field governed by the positive valency of the in-group and negative of the city was observed on the conceptual level of social representations and dimensions of identity of rural and city. The meanings of rural rely on the idea of harmony and a happy life and are associated with feelings of joy and well being while the city is seen as chaotic, where life is sad life, awakening feelings of fear and discomfort among members of the rural community. The underlying dynamics of this contradiction picture moves and supports the representation of these objects, for the in-group, in line with humanitarian and collectivist values vs. capitalist values for urban sociability. The ambiguities and tensions identified in the discussed processes gain greater visibility within the context of mobility and social resistance, which expose the complexity of the phenomenon of identity, confirming the power of the imaginary when individuals take a stand, as well as highlighting the function of the social group when its members position themselves within the structure and dynamic of society and culture.