Modelo conceitual para integração das gestões de recursos hídricos e agroflorestal utilizando modelo de sustentabilidade como estratégia

• Autor(a) principal: Tedesco, Angélica Nogueira de Souza
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/12405
• topic: Engenharia Sanitária; Sistema socioecológico; Governança adaptativa da água; Agroecologia; Matriz de influência mútua; Hidroagroflorestal

The management of ecosystems, particularly water and agroforestry, can be approached as an interdependent socio-ecological system (SES) with extremely complex interactions and strategic importance on a global scale. Science and policy have sought ways to integrate SES for balanced, fair, and sustainable development. In this sense, the integration of Water Resource Management (WRM) with Agroforestry (AF) assumes a relevant role in overcoming scattered practices and fragmentation of these managements, which compromise the sustainable development of regions. Systemic, integrated, and adaptive approaches are pointed out as alternatives to face these challenges. However, models or methods to integrate these managements in the cited context have not yet been sufficiently defined. Therefore, this research aimed to develop a conceptual model for the integration of WRM with AF, directed towards Sustainable Development; that is, a model to aid Hydro-Agroforestry Management, taking the Sustainability Model (SM) as a strategic reference for its construction. In this sense, it was carried out: (1) theoretical-conceptual deepening, based on an extensive literature review to apprehend relevant factors that influence WRM and AF, their interactions, and analysis of sustainability assessment methods; (2) defined and employed strategies for the construction of conceptual models applied to WRM and AF; and (3) constructed a Sustainability Assessment Model applied to HydroAgroforestry Management (MASHAF). Thus, with the execution of these activities, it was possible to: construct WRM and AF Sustainability Models (SMs), consisting of 52 and 49 intervening factors, respectively, guided by systemic attributes resulting from a sustainability-oriented guiding vision and by the characterization of systems and their contexts, resulting in the systematization of conceptual structures by sociocultural, political-institutional, environmental, and economic dimensions; in addition to constructing the MASHAF through a new analytical structure of interaction between the objectives associated with the relevant factors of the SM applied to each management, generating a hydro-agroforestry system characterized and structured by the interaction of 101 factors of Hydro-Agroforestry Management that reciprocally affect the managements, and analyzed by the mutual influence matrix. The proposition of SM as a strategic reference for intersectoral integration provided a holistic view by selecting relevant factors and promoting technical-scientific basis aligned with the precepts of sustainable development. The analysis of the results of the MASHAF pointed out water as the integrating SES and agroforestry as the DSR inducer. Thus, it becomes extremely important to encourage the implementation of SAFs as they are potentially sustainable development inducers, as evidenced by Beyene et al. (2019), Froufe et al. (2020), and Elagib and Al-Saidi (2020). As a result of the acquired knowledge, SMs were proposed for both managements to evaluate if and how the implementation of these managements is contributing (aligned) to sustainable development. These models were fundamental for the proposition of MASHAF and to subsidize the hydro-agroforestry integration, pointing out paths that establish common objectives of Hydro-Agroforestry Management and producing shared benefits and mutual gains. In addition, MASHAF can contribute as a guiding tool for better management practices, more integrated and effective, aimed at the sustainable development of regions.