Bicomponentes Naturais Para Preservação de Madeiras de Pinus Elliottii e Khaya Ivorensis

• Autor(a) principal: Maffioletti, Fernanda Dalfiôr
• Data de Publicação: 2024
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17442
• topic: Área(s) do conhecimento do documento (Tabela CNPq); Preservação de madeira; extrato da madeira de teca; óleos vegetais; ensaios biológicos; subject.br-rjbn

Despite the versatility of wood, some species are susceptible to attacks by biodeteriorating agents. Therefore, impregnating the material with chemical products is essential. However, the use of these chemicals makes the production process costly and potentially harmful to the environment and human health. Thus, the development of efficient formulas for wood preservation that reduce environmental damage is necessary. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of combining teak wood extract (Tectona grandis) with vegetable oils at concentrations of 5, 10, and 20%, for the impregnation of Pinus elliottii and Khaya ivorensis wood. To achieve this, screening tests were conducted to define the best solutions and oil concentrations, followed by the impregnation of the woods with those that showed the highest inhibition power. These woods were tested against brown rot and white rot fungi, as well as drywood and subterranean termites. Field tests were also carried out in two distinct regions (Jerônimo Monteiro - ES and São Félix do Xingu - PA), aiming to assess the performance of the solutions under different climatic conditions. The solutions performed better when enhanced with higher concentrations of oils. The solution prepared with teak extracts obtained in alcohol with the addition of copaíba oil provided the best results in most of the tests. However, tests involving contact with soil and moisture showed a decline in attack inhibition. The corrosivity test demonstrated that the solutions do not exhibit corrosive properties. With the wood treatment, a variation in color was observed, but it was uniform. Thus, these solutions should be applied to woods that will have less contact with degradation accelerators such as rain, moisture, and radiation.