Estudo da distribuição de enxofre em frações destiladas de petróleos e análise multivariada das frações

• Autor(a) principal: Cancian, Rayelli Venturini
• Data de Publicação: 2010
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/4658
• topic: Mínimos quadrados parciais; Curva de distribuição; Química; Enxofre; Análise de componentes principais; Petroleo; 54

In refining of petroleum, during the distillation are formed products come from the thermal decomposition of sulphur compounds and those products are great sources of corrosion. It is important to study the distribution of sulphur compounds in fractions of petroleum because these compounds have corrosive nature and poisoning of catalytic processes of transformation. In addition to being responsible for major environmental impacts from emissions of SO2and SO3formed by burning fuel. Due to all issues related to sulphur compounds, it took place of study of how these compounds are distributed along the distillation of some oil, and multivariate analysis of oil ´s fractions.In this study three distinct oils (A, B and C) was distilled and was analyzed the levels of Total Sulphur and Sulphur Potentiometric (H2S and Mercaptans) of the oils, fractions and wastes obtained. With these data held the balance mass of sulphur compounds for the three oils, where noted that: there were no losses in the balance sheet Total Sulphur mass; the phenomenon of generation of H2S occurred in oils A and B; and there has been an increase in the amount of mercaptans to oil A and C. The Sulphur levels were also analysed in fractions of the other two oils (D and E), with the data from five oils built up sulphur distribution curves where noted that: the distribution curves of Total Sulphur and percentage of sulphur Potentiometric in the Total Sulphur present similar behaviors for five oils studied, and the Total Sulphur tends to increase with increasing temperature and the percentage of Sulphur Potentiometric in the Total Sulphur exhibits inverse behavior; and each oil presented a particular trend for sulphur Potentiometric curves. In multivariate analysis was possible to separate the A oil fractions of fractions of oils B and C and the fractions of oil D and E were also separated using PCA tool. It was also possible to build prediction models using the PLS for °API, Total Sulphur, Sulphur Potentiometric and percentage ofSulphur Potentiometric in the Total Sulphur using infrared data of fractions.