Uso de habitat e recursos alimentares por Stellifer Brasiliensis (Schultz, 1945) (Perciformes, Sciaenidae) na área de proteção ambiental de Conceição da Barra-ES

• Autor(a) principal: Almeida, Lorena Lopes
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/9408
• topic: Spatial distribution; Trophic ecology; Diet; Stable isotopes; Ecologia dos estuários; Distribuição espacial; Ecologia trófica; Isótopos estáveis; Bycatch; Zoologia; Ecologia espacial; Cadeias alimentares (Ecologia); Dieta; Isótopos estáveis; Hábitos alimentares; 57

This study aimed to describe the eating habits and habitat use by Stellifer brasiliensis in the Environmental Protection Area (APA) of Conceição da Barra, Espírito Santo. For this purpose, analysis of stomach contents associated with the analysis of stable isotopes of carbon (d 13C) and nitrogen (d 15N) was performed. In order to evaluate the habitat use, the spatial distribution of abundance, biomass and total length (TL, mm) of the species were evaluated. The ichthyofauna was sampled monthly with bottom trawl nets at four areas distributed in a salinity gradient. For analysis of abundance, biomass and TL of juveniles and adults, these occurred between May/2014 and April/2017; for the analysis of stomach contents, between July/2015 and July/2016; and for the analysis of stable isotopes, fish and prey were collected between March/2016 and March/2017. Primary producers were collected in the months of April, June, August, September and December/2016 and in June/2017. The species presented higher abundance (F = 4.586, p <0.005) and biomass (F = 7.139, p <0.005) at P4. The highest lengths were recorded in winter and fall in P1 and in spring and summer in P4. The most important food items for the species were Polychaeta, Thalassinidae and Penaeidae, for juveniles were Penaeidae, Euphausiacea and Copepoda and for adults were Polychaeta, Thalassinidae and Copepoda. The d 13C values of S. brasiliensis were similar between the seasons, areas and ontogenetic phases and ranged from -17,45 ‰ ± 1,35 to -25,81 ‰ ± 0,67 in juveniles and -18,28 ‰ ± 3.09 to -23.29 ± 1.37 in adults, while the mean d 15N ranged from 12.73 ‰ ± 0.95 to 16.24 ‰ ± 0.32 in juveniles and 13.83 ‰ ± 1,39 to 16.29 ‰ ± 0.68 in adults. The means of d 15N indicated that both phases occupy the same trophic level. The means of d 13C in juveniles and adults in P1 were similar to the values of d 13C in the crustaceans Xyphopenaeus kroyeri and Alpheidae, indicating that these are items consumed by both ontogenetic phases. There was a negative correlation between the d 13C values with the fish TL, indicating that when the fish grows, the value of d 13C decreases, while the correlation of d 15N was positive, indicating that when the fish grows, the value of d 15N increases