Diagnóstico citopatológico da leucoplasia pilosa oral em pacientes portadores do HIV-1; Análise comparativa entre a Citopatologia Convencional e a Citologia em Meio Líquido

• Autor(a) principal: Valladares, Carla Peixoto
• Data de Publicação: 2006
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal Fluminense (RIUFF)
• Texto Completo: https://app.uff.br/riuff/handle/1/17905
• topic: Leucoplasia pilosa oral; Vírus Epstein-Barr; Aids; Citopatologia; Citologia em meio líquido; Leucoplasia pilosa; HIV-1; Síndrome de imunodeficiência adquirida; Medicina; Patologia Buco-dental; Oral hairy leukoplakia; Epstein-Barr virus; Aids; Cytopathology; Liquid-based cytology; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::MEDICINA::ANATOMIA PATOLOGICA E PATOLOGIA CLINICA

Oral hairy leukoplakia was first described by Greenspan in 1984, and composes the group of oral lesions strongly associated with acquired immune deficiency syndrome, having an important diagnostic and prognostic value. It´s a white, assymptomatic, and non-removable lesion, with plane, corrugated or hairy surface, most frequently located on the lateral border of the tongue. This lesion is caused by Epstein-Barr virus, and its diagnosis can be made by detecting the typical cytopathic effects caused by the virus in epithelial cells. These effects are detectable by cytopathology, which can also diagnose its subclinical phase. Liquid-based cytology has some advantages when compared to conventional smears, but its diagnostic efficacy for oral hairy leukoplakia detection is unknown. The aim of this research was to compare the diagnostic efficaciousness of both techniques. The sample consisted of 45 patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus, with or without clinical evidence of lesion. They were submitted to oral exam and had material scraped from both sides of the tongue by using an endocervical brush. Liquid-based cytology samples were collected first. Conventional smears were prepared and the brush containing residual material was preserved for future analysis by polymerase chain reaction. For comparative analysis of both techniques, all slides were evaluated for diagnosis, cellularity and cell overlapping. Liquid-based cytology showed good diagnostic efficaciousness when compared to conventional cytology, even not detecting one case of oral hairy leukoplakia. Conventional slides showed higher cellularity and cell overlapping, advantages that contribute to diagnostic criteria. Conventional smears also showed lower processing time and cost. Liquid-based cytology has other advantages, as reduction of time of analysis, bacteria and the possibility of preparation of more than one slide per sample collected, providing material preserved for additional tests, and being more proper for research usage. The presence of Epstein-Barr virus was confirmed in all cases of oral hairy leukoplakia diagnosed by conventional cytology. Liquid-based cytology was not superior to conventional exfoliative cytology in detecting oral hairy leukoplakia lesions. The advantages of conventional cytology prove that this technique still must be commended for routine practice