GESTÃO DA QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA PARA CONSUMO HUMANO: DIAGNÓSTICO MICROBIOLÓGICO E PARASITÁRIO DOS RIOS MACACU, CACERIBU E GUAPI-MACACU

• Autor(a) principal: Côrtes, Myriam Bandeira Vianna
• Data de Publicação: 2010
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal Fluminense (RIUFF)
• Texto Completo: https://app.uff.br/riuff/handle/1/18942
• topic: Qualidade de água; recursos hídricos; gestão da água; coliformes fecais; coliformes termotolerantes; coliformes totais; Criptosporidium spp; Giardia lamblia; Entamoeba hystolitica; Water quality; water resources; water management; fecal coliform; fecal coliform; total coliform; Criptosporidium spp; Giardia lamblia; Entamoeba hystolitica; CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE PRODUCAO

The importance of maintaining water quality in water bodies that supply the cities is due not only by the health care of those who consume, but also by the high costs of treatments. The onus is inevitably passed on to consumers by increasing water prices. The contamination with biological agents, organic and inorganic pollutants in addition to jeopardizing the water resources as a whole, promotes changes in the characteristics of watersheds. This study aimed to diagnoses microbiological and parasites contamination of the waters from the Macacu Caceribu and Guapi-Macacu rivers. These rivers are located in the area of influence of Petrochemical Complex of Rio de Janeiro - COMPERJ (Itaboraí, Rio de Janeiro) part of the river basin of the Guapi-Macacu that is responsible for supplying water to the cities of Niterói, São Gonçalo, Itaboraí and Paquetá Island, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Microbiological tests were performed on a monthly basis for nine months for total and thermotolerant coliform bacteria in nine sampling sites. An extra collection was carried out in the same nine stations for the parasitological tests of Cryptosporidium spp, Giardia lamblia and Entamoeba hystolitica. pH and dissolved oxygen and other physic-chemical parameters of the water were measured simultaneously in each sampling site. The analysis provided the basis for the proposed measures to improve the control of possible biological contaminants, as part of the management of the water quality in the focused region. Microbiological tests were performed by using the Most Probable Number (MPN) technique of multiple tubes. The determination of the dissolved oxygen, pH and other parameters were carried out with in situ sensors and laboratory procedures and the parasitological analysis was performed with ELISA kit. The microbiological analysis showed high MPN of total coliforms and thermotolerant in all sampling sites, always above the environmental standards set for drinking and balneability and the presence of parasites, Cryptosporidium spp, Giardia lamblia, Ascaris spp, oocysts coccidiosis and larvae of nematodes were detected in the river waters. The physicochemical parameters also showed some seasonal variations. The results showed that the water quality is a crucial issue that has to be dealt with by water companies and environmental agencies that are suggested to follow closely the infection parameters and proceed to the management of the resources, in order to provide good water to the consumers.