EFFECTS OF BILINGUALISM ON INHIBITORY CONTROL AND WORKING MEMORY: A STUDY WITH EARLY AND LATE BILINGUALS

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Kramer, Rossana
Data de Publicação: 2015
Outros Autores: Mota, Mailce Borges
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Gragoatá
Texto Completo: https://periodicos.uff.br/gragoata/article/view/33312
Resumo: A dense body of research shows that cognitive functions change with age. More recently, studies have provided evidence that bilingualism aids in offsetting age-related losses in executive function (Bialystok, Craik, Klein & Viswanathan, 2004; Salvatierra, 2010). The present study investigates the performances of early bilinguals (Brazilian Portuguese/Hunsrückisch), late bilinguals (Brazilian Portuguese/English), and monolinguals (Brazilian Portuguese) on executive control and working memory tasks. Participants (N = 104) performed an executive control task (Simon) and a working memory (Alpha Span) task. Statistical analyses showed significant age-related effects on executive functions: younger adults outperformed older adults in the tasks. Furthermore, early bilinguals presented more efficient inhibitory processes showing smaller Simon effect costs and higher working memory span than monolinguals. As for the late bilingual group, their performance on inhibitory control tasks was significantly faster than that of their peer monolingual group. Results suggest that bilingualism, regardless of the context and age of acquisition, has an effect on inhibitory control and working memory. 
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spelling EFFECTS OF BILINGUALISM ON INHIBITORY CONTROL AND WORKING MEMORY: A STUDY WITH EARLY AND LATE BILINGUALSEFFECTS OF BILINGUALISM ON INHIBITORY CONTROL AND WORKING MEMORY: A STUDY WITH EARLY AND LATE BILINGUALSbilingualismworking memoryaginginhibitory controlbilingualism/bilinguismoworking memory/memória de trabalhoaging/envelhecimentoinhibitory control/controle inibitórioA dense body of research shows that cognitive functions change with age. More recently, studies have provided evidence that bilingualism aids in offsetting age-related losses in executive function (Bialystok, Craik, Klein & Viswanathan, 2004; Salvatierra, 2010). The present study investigates the performances of early bilinguals (Brazilian Portuguese/Hunsrückisch), late bilinguals (Brazilian Portuguese/English), and monolinguals (Brazilian Portuguese) on executive control and working memory tasks. Participants (N = 104) performed an executive control task (Simon) and a working memory (Alpha Span) task. Statistical analyses showed significant age-related effects on executive functions: younger adults outperformed older adults in the tasks. Furthermore, early bilinguals presented more efficient inhibitory processes showing smaller Simon effect costs and higher working memory span than monolinguals. As for the late bilingual group, their performance on inhibitory control tasks was significantly faster than that of their peer monolingual group. Results suggest that bilingualism, regardless of the context and age of acquisition, has an effect on inhibitory control and working memory. A dense body of research shows that cognitive functions change with age. More recently, studies have provided evidence that bilingualism aids in offsetting age-related losses in executive function (Bialystok, Craik, Klein & Viswanathan, 2004; Salvatierra, 2010). The present study investigates the performances of early bilinguals (Brazilian Portuguese/Hunsrückisch), late bilinguals (Brazilian Portuguese/English), and monolinguals (Brazilian Portuguese) on executive control and working memory tasks. Participants (N = 104) performed an executive control task (Simon) and a working memory (Alpha Span) task. Statistical analyses showed significant age-related effects on executive functions: younger adults outperformed older adults in the tasks. Furthermore, early bilinguals presented more efficient inhibitory processes showing smaller Simon effect costs and higher working memory span than monolinguals. As for the late bilingual group, their performance on inhibitory control tasks was significantly faster than that of their peer monolingual group. Results suggest that bilingualism, regardless of the context and age of acquisition, has an effect on inhibitory control and working memory.------------------------------------------------------------------------------EFEITOS DO BILINGUISMO NO CONTROLE INIBITÓRIO E MEMÓRIA DE TRABALHO: UM ESTUDO COM BILÍNGUES DE INFÂNCIA E BILÍNGUES TARDIOSMuitos estudos demonstram que as funções cognitivas mudam com a idade. Estudos recentes fornecem evidências de que o bilinguismo pode atenuar alguns efeitos negativos do envelhecimento e atuar como uma proteção às funções cognitivas ao longo da vida (Bialystok, Craik , Klein & Viswanathan, 2004; Salvatierra, 2007). O presente estudo compara o desempenho de bilíngues precoces (português brasileiro/hunsrückisch), bilíngues tardios (português brasileiro/inglês) e monolíngues (português brasileiro) em tarefas de controle executivo e memória de trabalho. Para tanto, 104 participantes realizaram uma tarefa de controle executivo (Simon) e uma tarefa de memória de trabalho (Alpha Span). As análises estatísticas demonstraram perdas cognitivas significativas relacionadas à idade, uma vez que adultos jovens foram melhores que os idosos nas tarefas de controle inibitório e memória de trabalho. Além disso, bilíngues de infância apresentaram maior eficiência nos processos inibitórios e pontuaram mais que os monolíngues na tarefa de memória de trabalho. Os resultados confirmaram que bilíngues tardios foram significativamente melhores que os monolíngues em controle inibitório. Estes resultados são interpretados como evidência de que o bilinguismo, independentemente do contexto e da idade de aquisição, pode trazer benefícios ao controle inibitório e à memória de trabalho.---Original em inglês.Universidade Federal Fluminense2015-06-30info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://periodicos.uff.br/gragoata/article/view/3331210.22409/gragoata.v20i38.33312Gragoatá; Vol. 20 No. 38 (2015): Language StudiesGragoatá; v. 20 n. 38 (2015): Estudos de Linguagem2358-41141413-907310.22409/gragoata.v20i38reponame:Gragoatáinstname:Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF)instacron:UFFporhttps://periodicos.uff.br/gragoata/article/view/33312/19299Copyright (c) 2019 Gragoatáinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessKramer, RossanaMota, Mailce Borges2019-08-23T11:04:49Zoai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/33312Revistahttps://periodicos.uff.br/gragoataPUBhttps://periodicos.uff.br/gragoata/oai||revistagragoata@gmail.com2358-41141413-9073opendoar:2019-08-23T11:04:49Gragoatá - Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv EFFECTS OF BILINGUALISM ON INHIBITORY CONTROL AND WORKING MEMORY: A STUDY WITH EARLY AND LATE BILINGUALS
EFFECTS OF BILINGUALISM ON INHIBITORY CONTROL AND WORKING MEMORY: A STUDY WITH EARLY AND LATE BILINGUALS
title EFFECTS OF BILINGUALISM ON INHIBITORY CONTROL AND WORKING MEMORY: A STUDY WITH EARLY AND LATE BILINGUALS
spellingShingle EFFECTS OF BILINGUALISM ON INHIBITORY CONTROL AND WORKING MEMORY: A STUDY WITH EARLY AND LATE BILINGUALS
Kramer, Rossana
bilingualism
working memory
aging
inhibitory control
bilingualism/bilinguismo
working memory/memória de trabalho
aging/envelhecimento
inhibitory control/controle inibitório
title_short EFFECTS OF BILINGUALISM ON INHIBITORY CONTROL AND WORKING MEMORY: A STUDY WITH EARLY AND LATE BILINGUALS
title_full EFFECTS OF BILINGUALISM ON INHIBITORY CONTROL AND WORKING MEMORY: A STUDY WITH EARLY AND LATE BILINGUALS
title_fullStr EFFECTS OF BILINGUALISM ON INHIBITORY CONTROL AND WORKING MEMORY: A STUDY WITH EARLY AND LATE BILINGUALS
title_full_unstemmed EFFECTS OF BILINGUALISM ON INHIBITORY CONTROL AND WORKING MEMORY: A STUDY WITH EARLY AND LATE BILINGUALS
title_sort EFFECTS OF BILINGUALISM ON INHIBITORY CONTROL AND WORKING MEMORY: A STUDY WITH EARLY AND LATE BILINGUALS
author Kramer, Rossana
author_facet Kramer, Rossana
Mota, Mailce Borges
author_role author
author2 Mota, Mailce Borges
author2_role author
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Kramer, Rossana
Mota, Mailce Borges
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv bilingualism
working memory
aging
inhibitory control
bilingualism/bilinguismo
working memory/memória de trabalho
aging/envelhecimento
inhibitory control/controle inibitório
topic bilingualism
working memory
aging
inhibitory control
bilingualism/bilinguismo
working memory/memória de trabalho
aging/envelhecimento
inhibitory control/controle inibitório
description A dense body of research shows that cognitive functions change with age. More recently, studies have provided evidence that bilingualism aids in offsetting age-related losses in executive function (Bialystok, Craik, Klein & Viswanathan, 2004; Salvatierra, 2010). The present study investigates the performances of early bilinguals (Brazilian Portuguese/Hunsrückisch), late bilinguals (Brazilian Portuguese/English), and monolinguals (Brazilian Portuguese) on executive control and working memory tasks. Participants (N = 104) performed an executive control task (Simon) and a working memory (Alpha Span) task. Statistical analyses showed significant age-related effects on executive functions: younger adults outperformed older adults in the tasks. Furthermore, early bilinguals presented more efficient inhibitory processes showing smaller Simon effect costs and higher working memory span than monolinguals. As for the late bilingual group, their performance on inhibitory control tasks was significantly faster than that of their peer monolingual group. Results suggest that bilingualism, regardless of the context and age of acquisition, has an effect on inhibitory control and working memory. 
publishDate 2015
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2015-06-30
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://periodicos.uff.br/gragoata/article/view/33312
10.22409/gragoata.v20i38.33312
url https://periodicos.uff.br/gragoata/article/view/33312
identifier_str_mv 10.22409/gragoata.v20i38.33312
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv por
language por
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://periodicos.uff.br/gragoata/article/view/33312/19299
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv Copyright (c) 2019 Gragoatá
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Copyright (c) 2019 Gragoatá
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal Fluminense
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal Fluminense
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Gragoatá; Vol. 20 No. 38 (2015): Language Studies
Gragoatá; v. 20 n. 38 (2015): Estudos de Linguagem
2358-4114
1413-9073
10.22409/gragoata.v20i38
reponame:Gragoatá
instname:Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF)
instacron:UFF
instname_str Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF)
instacron_str UFF
institution UFF
reponame_str Gragoatá
collection Gragoatá
repository.name.fl_str_mv Gragoatá - Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv ||revistagragoata@gmail.com
_version_ 1799705501097787392

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