PENSAR O TEMPO PARA CONSTRUIR UM MÉTODO: A DESCONTINUIDADE HISTÓRICA EM GASTON BACHELARD

• Autor(a) principal: Almeida, Tiago Santos
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Revista de Teoria da História
• Texto Completo: https://revistas.ufg.br/teoria/article/view/51181
• topic: Historical discontinuity; Multiplicity of time; Gaston Bachelard; Method; Historical Epistemology; Descontinuidade histórica; Multiplicidade do tempo; Gaston Bachelard; Método; Epistemologia Histórica

In this article, we discuss the epistemological status of historical discontinuity in Bachelard. In the 1950's and 60's, notably in the works of Canguilhem, the discontinuous approach had already become a procedure, among others, integrated with the history of the sciences as an exigency of the specific objects selected by the historian. However, initially, that is, in Bachelard's work, the "hypothesis of discontinuity and multiplicity of time" was thought from its double historiographic and transcendental character. In this article, we argue that Bachelard's criticisms towards authors such as Comte and Meyerson denounced the solidarity between the theories of knowledge that advocated a continuity between scientific spirit and common sense and the continuing theories of the history of science - which argued that scientific knowledge was progressively formed by accumulation from common experience. In the last pages, we argue that the theoretical value of the Bachelard's reflection on historical time is determined by the conceptual and epistemological transformations in the notion of "method".