Uso de emulsifiante em dietas de frangos de corte

• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Marcus Vinicius Garcia de
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/11488
• topic: Desempenho; Emulsificação; Metabolizabilidade; Lipídeo; Performance; Emulsification; Metabolizability; Lipid; CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::PRODUCAO ANIMAL

Two experiments were conducted. The first one aimed to study the effects of the emulsifying in diets using three different levels of metabolized energy (ME) (low, recommended and high) in the initial and growth phases of broilers, with a 3x2 factorial. In the initial phase, the diets had 2.950, 3.050, and 3.150 kcal/kg, and in the growth phase, 3.100, 3.150 and 3.200 kcal/kg of ME, with the inclusion of 0,125% of an emulsifying that has soy lecithin as its main component. The aim was to determinate the apparent metabolized energy (AME) and the apparent metabolized energy corrected by nitrogen (AMEn) in diets with three levels of metabolized energy (ME), as well as nitrogen balance (NB), digestibility coefficients of dry matter (DCDM), ether extract (DCEE), nitrogen (DCN), and crude energy (DCCE). It was verified that the inclusion of the emulsifying increased the DCDM, DCN, NB, and AMEn in diets with 2.950 and 3050 kcal/kg, while in the growth phase, the AME and AMEn in diets with lower levels of metabolized energy (3.100 kcal/kg), suggesting the inclusion of the emulsifying in broilers’ diet with lower levels of metabolized energy. The second experiment aimed to study the inclusion of the emulsifying in broilers’ diet with two different fat sources (soy oil and chicken fat), therefore forming a 2x2 factorial. It was used an emulsifying that has soy lecithin as its main component with 0,5% of inclusion (on top). The emulsifying (soy lecithin) improved the broilers’ body weight in 35 (120 g) and 42 (150 g) days old, regardless to the fat source used in the diet, as well as the productive efficiency ratio (416,69). There were no differences to the percentage of ether extract found in the excrete of 7 and 21 days old broilers. To assess the intestinal histomorphometry of 21 days of age, the emulsifying increased the villous height in the intestine of broilers fed with soy oil, not showing any differences to the chicken fat, while in the jejunum, the greatest villous height was found in diets with chicken fat and in the ileum, with soy oil, both of which used the emulsifying. There was no verification of the emulsifying effect and the type of fat for the liver’s histology, but it was verified that the fat source influenced the serum blood profile, which the total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein (HDL) were higher in diets with chicken fat for 7 days old chicks. The glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) enzyme showed lower values for diets with soy oil and emulsifying, and the glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) was higher for the chicken fat, without any effect of the emulsifying for 7 days old chicks. For 21 days old broilers, the GPT was higher for broilers fed with chicken fat in the diet. There was no interaction, as well as emulsifying effect, for the relative liver weight, pancreas and small intestine on the evaluated ages (21 and 42 days), as well as the carcass yield. The inclusion of the emulsifying improved the body weight of 21 and 42 days old broilers, the productive efficiency ratio and the height of the villous, both in the duodenum and jejunum, being indicated its inclusion in the broilers’ diet.