Diagnóstico do estresse hídrico na bacia hidrográfica do Ribeirão João Leite

• Autor(a) principal: Keller, Patrícia Pereira Ribeiro
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/5164
• topic: Estresse hídrico; Qualidade da água; Bacia hidrográfica; Water stress; Water quality; Hydrografic basin; ENGENHARIA SANITARIA::RECURSOS HIDRICOS; ENGENHARIA SANITARIA::SANEAMENTO AMBIENTAL

The survey was developed with the objective of diagnosis of water stress in the catchment area of the hydrografic basin João Leite River, whereas seasonal aspects and the water regime (lotic system and still water system). Historic survey was conducted of the anthropogenic activities (industry, commerce, farmers, vegetable and mineral extraction) inserted into the catchment area of João Leite River. Following, he proceeded historical survey (2012 and 2013) of physico-chemical parameters (ambientte temperature, water temperature, turbidity, pH, nitrogen series, total phosphorus, dissolved oxygen - OD, biochemical demand of oxigênico - DBO, total dissolved solids - STD) and bacterial (Escherichia coli), resulting in the calculation of the Water Quality Index (IQA) in eleven (11) sampling points (Reservoir João Leite River, João Leite River, Bandeira Stream, Jenipapo Stream, Jurubatuba Stream, Rosa Stream, Descoberto Stream, Maria Paula Stream, Posse Stream, Mata Pasto Stream, Pedras Stream). It was found that five (5) sampling points highlighted by the lower IQA (Jurubatuba Stream - IQA 58.81; João Leite River - IQA 61.50; Bandeira Stream - IQA 63.41; Jenipapo Stream - IQA 65.22 ) or environmental significance in the Reservoir João Leite River - IQA 75.12 Subsequently, these five (5) points were monitored every two months in 2014 (3 collections in rainy season and 3 collections in dry season) analyzing 100 ( one hundred) parameters: 6 physical parameter (water temperature, transparency, quota, turbidity, apparent color and true), 89 chemical parameter (43 Organic 23 metals, caffeine, total solids, total nitrogen, pH, conductivity, STD, calcium, magnesium, chloride, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, sulphate, total organic carbon, alkalinity, hardness, consumed oxygen, OD, DBO, chemical oxygen demand, surfactant, total iron and carbon dioxide) and 5 biological parameter (total coliforms, Escherichia coli, clorophyll- a, pheophytin and phytoplankton). The annual average of the data obtained showed the Water Quality Index 65.80 (good), Trophic State Index 52.93 (mesotrophic) and Community Index Phytoplankton 2.20 (good). Caffeine was quantified (0.315 mg L-1 to 1.512 mg L -1) at all sampling sites in the basin indicating contamination by domestic sewage. The present study demonstrated a resilient bowl with the presence of stress factors: micropollutants (demeton, atrazine, glyphosate, malathion, metolachlor, carbon tetrachloride, xylene, dichloromethane, dichloroethene, toluene), trace elements (As, Hg, Sb, Se, Cu , Fe, Al, Cr, Zn, In, Cd, Co, B, Mn, Li, Ag, Be, V, Ni, U, Ba, Pb), pathogenic organisms (Escherichia coli, Microcystis sp.) and first-order impacts (deforestation, presence of effluents and solid wastes) related to anthropogenic activities developed in the watershed region of João Leite River.