Planejamento para conservação de serviços ecossistêmicos no Cerrado

• Autor(a) principal: Resende, Fernando de Moura
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8426
• topic: Biodiversidade; Unidades de conservação; InVEST; Priorização espacial; Mudanças no uso do solo; Brasil; Biodiversity; Protected areas; Spatial prioritization; Land use changes; Brazil; ECOLOGIA::ECOLOGIA APLICADA

The concept of ecosystem services (ES) has attracted great scientific and policy interest over the last years. Although the concept has influenced the conservation discourse, it is still poorly understood if strategies focused on ES are useful to address the need for biodiversity protection. In addition, more efforts are needed to integrate ES into the decision-making process. To develop ES-focused conservation strategies in a region, it is important to understand the effectiveness of conservation strategies already established in that region and how they safeguard ES. This understanding allows the developing of future conservation plans and their actions. In the first chapter of this thesis, we discussed opportunities and challenges arising from the use of ES as a strategy to conserve biodiversity. We also presented ways to build an ES approach more aligned with conservation interests. We highlighted that ES and biodiversity should be seen as complementary strategies to foster conservation. In the second chapter, we assessed the effectiveness of protected areas and indigenous lands in representing ES and biodiversity in the Brazilian Cerrado. We mapped six ES (i.e. water yield, sediment retention, nutrient retention, carbon storage, net primary productivity and wild food provision) and the distribution of threatened vertebrate and plant species. We found that most reserves were not effective to capture ES and biodiversity in the Cerrado. In addition, most effective reserves were suitable for safeguarding just one out of six ES. In the third chapter, we evaluated the impact of postponing conservation actions to safeguard ES in the Cerrado. We used land use maps for the present, 2025 and 2050 and modeled the provision of the six aforementioned ES for these three time steps. We identified priority areas for safeguarding ES in the present and future and evaluated changes in basic properties of those priority areas. We found that land use changes will impact ES provision over time. Moreover, priority areas identified for the future will encompass greater amounts of altered environments when compared to priority areas defined right now. As a consequence, postponing conservation actions will increase conflicts between the implementation of conservation actions and human activities. Our study is the first to provide spatially explicit information on multiple ES in the Cerrado. We hope our results might guide policies aiming to establish an effective conservation plan focused on ES in the region.