Acidente com material biológico em uma instituição de ensino odontológico: perfil, notificação e sub-notificação

• Autor(a) principal: SASAMOTO, Sandra Aragão de Almeida
• Data de Publicação: 2008
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/754
• topic: Exposição ocupacional, acidentes e eventos Biológicos , odontologia; Occupational exposure, Biological Accidents and Events, Dentistry; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM

Cross-sectional study of accidents with biological material developed at the Dental School, Federal University of Goiás (FO / UFG), Goiânia. The study aimed to: 1) to identify the occurrence of accidents involving biological material among academics and professionals, 2) to evaluate the occurrence of sub-reports and their causes, 3) to characterize the profile of accidents, 4) to identify protective measures adopted by professional and academic casualties. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Goiás, with protocol 058/2006, and were observed all ethical measures. Data were obtained by evaluation of 71 registration forms for accidents with biological material in the period October 2001 to July 2008, and by applying a questionnaire to all students registered in that period, technicians and teachers, totaling 566 subjects eligible. For this we developed a software: Evaluation and Management Distance System (EMDS), which allowed the circulation of the questionnaire electronically. Data were tabulated and analyzed by SPSS 16.0, and descriptive statistical analysis performed by the measures of frequency and inferential analysis through chi-square and logistic regression. Of the 71 reports, only 41 (57.7%) records had complete data. Of the subjects eligible for the questionnaire (EMDS), 266 (47.0%) participated, being 100.0% of technicians, 85.4% of teachers, 69.4% of academics and 21.0% of former students . The complete vaccination against hepatitis B was reported by 81.9%, and five (1.9%) reported not having been vaccinated. The result of antiHBs was known for 151 (69.3%) who claimed to be responders. Ninety-one (34.2%) claimed to have suffered accidents with biological material, and there was no difference in this occurrence among academics, technicians and teachers (p = 0.496). Only 24 (26.4%) reported formally to the exhibitions department, the rate of underreporting was 73.6%. The reasons cited for not reporting were not considered serious enough to notify (52.2%), considered the low risk (32.4%), did not know they should notify (22.0%). Accidents among students occurred more frequently in the 3rd and 4th years, and most, 71.4%, occurred during the procedure. The exposures were percutaneous in 76.9%, splash on intact skin in 25.3%, and splashes into mucous membranes in 24.2%. The most affected body parts were the fingers of the nondominant hand in 42.8% and 36.3% dominant hand. The biological materials involved in accidents were the saliva (68.1%) and blood (48.3%). Seventy-five subjects (82.4%) reported using all personal protective equipment, and have been neglected gloves (13.2%), face (11.0%), and goggles (7.7%). The accident percutaneous (p = 0.016) with involvement of blood (p = 0.013) presented significant for the notification. The lack of data in records of notifications, the high rates of accidents with biological material, as well as under-reporting signal the need to restructure the notification service, and the importance of disclosure of official protocol of the institution of post-exposure and preventive measures to be adopted by the academic community