Variabilidade e estrutura genética espacial em Glossophaga soricina com ocorrência no cerrado

• Autor(a) principal: Oprea, Monik
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• dARK ID: ark:/38995/001300000542c
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/3891
• topic: Ecologia molecular; Genética de populações; Morcegos; Bats; Molecular ecology; Population genetics; CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA

Microsatellite markers are important tools for molecular ecology studies, particularly for bats, whose information is difficult to obtain through direct observations. In the first chapter, we conducted searches for scientific articles about the use of microsatellite markers in bats in order to evaluate the current knowledge about the genetic patterns and also to unravel sociological aspects of this knowledge. We found that the use of microsatellite markers to study bats is quite new and little spread. Many questions in molecular ecology can be addressed with a limited number of polymorphic markers, such as microsatellites. This will not only contribute to the knowledge of the species biology, but also to design effective strategies for conservation of bat species. In the second chapter, we report the development and characterization of ten microsatellite loci for the bat Glossophaga soricina isolated from a shotgun genomic library. Among 67 individuals, the number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 20, and the observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.015 to 0.606 and from 0.016 to 0.915, respectively. The high combined probability of genetic identity (4.369x10-8) and probability of paternity exclusion (0.996) showed that the microsatellite loci are useful for population genetic structure and detailed parentage studies in natural populations of G. soricina. In the third chapter, we used the nine developed microsatellite loci and spatially explicit analysis to unravel population genetic structure and how landscape features affected genetic diversity of G. soricina at 17 localities in the Brazilian Cerrado. Our results showed that G. soricina populations already have higher inbreeding in fragmented landscapes in small geographic scales. Also, some pairs of populations showed genetic discontinuity as the outcome of landscape modification.