Dinâmica territorial e padrões espaciais da pecuária brasileira

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Sousa, Silvio Braz de
Data de Publicação: 2017
Tipo de documento: Tese
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
dARK ID: ark:/38995/00130000094ds
Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8099
Resumo: Livestock farming constitutes one of the main economic activities in Brazil, motivating the occupation of about 30% of the national territory with pastures and accounts for a share of 30% of agribusiness GDP. The rapid expansion of pastures, encouraged by the possibility of speculation and guarantee of land tenure, meant that a large part of the deforested areas was destined to cattle production with low efficiency. Several strategies have been undertaken to better target the evolution, spatial distribution and productivity of livestock activity; such actions have their genesis in the knowledge policies of the national territory, and in the distribution of pastures to the provision of specific rural credits for livestock and recovery and management of pastures. The general objective of this research is to investigate and define the spatial structure of livestock in Brazil, considering three different hypotheses related to the expansion of pastures, spatial patterns and territorial conformation. To fulfill the objective, answer the research questions and analyze the hypotheses, a cartographic approach was used, using data from multiple sources linking statistics and the Geographic Information System (GIS). Among the data used are: rural credit data of the Central Bank of Brazil; statistics from the Municipal Livestock Survey (PPM) and the IBGE's Agricultural Census; vector and matrix data that represent the coverage of pastures in Brazil, such as Probio 2002, TerraClass Amazonia 2014, TerraClass Cerrado 2013 both from the Ministry of the Environment (MMA), as well as the Pasture Synthesis of Brazil (LAPIG) and data from the MapBiomas Project. It was also adopted a Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) model based on the calculation of the local spatial autocorrelation, generating a mapping of clusters that subsidized the creation of a synthetic map of livestock areas. The results show a consolidated pasture cover in most of the Brazilian territory (approximately 175 million hectares), with a greater predominance in the Center-West region of the country. The data also point to a rapid expansion of pastures in the Brazilian Legal Amazon region, which may compromise ecosystem services and intensify territorial conflicts in the region. Between 1975 and 2016 the cattle herd in the North region grew by 2,174%, while between 1975 and 2014 there was an expansion of 525% of the areas occupied by pastures. Even with this intense expansion of livestock activity, the North region did not become a major rural credit collector, with almost always a participation of less than 5% in the total value provided by the National Rural Credit System (SNCR). It was possible to identify a zone of expansion of the livestock activity in the Legal Amazon, corresponding to the north of the state of Pará and the state of Roraima, where there was an expansion of 277% of the area occupied by pastures between 2000 and 2016, registering a stocking bovine> 1.2 head / hectare. In addition, PRODES data indicate that the expansion zone concentrated around 23% of deforestation in the Legal Amazon in 2016. These data allowed to support the thesis that currently, the agricultural frontiers, particularly in the Legal Amazon, do not present in their genesis a precarious use of land, registering livestock productivity similar to or greater than the other regions of Brazil.
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spelling Ferreira, Laerte Guimarãeshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5542860613403348Miziara, Faustohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3275079358565458Ferreira, Laerte GuimarãesOliveira, Ivanilton José deDeus, João Batista deCunha, Cleyzer Adrian daCouto, Victor Rezende Moreirahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5542860613403348Sousa, Silvio Braz de2018-01-11T11:03:43Z2017-12-04SOUSA, S. B. Dinâmica territorial e padrões espaciais da pecuária brasileira. 2017. 182 f. Tese (Doutorado em Geografia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2017.http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8099ark:/38995/00130000094dsLivestock farming constitutes one of the main economic activities in Brazil, motivating the occupation of about 30% of the national territory with pastures and accounts for a share of 30% of agribusiness GDP. The rapid expansion of pastures, encouraged by the possibility of speculation and guarantee of land tenure, meant that a large part of the deforested areas was destined to cattle production with low efficiency. Several strategies have been undertaken to better target the evolution, spatial distribution and productivity of livestock activity; such actions have their genesis in the knowledge policies of the national territory, and in the distribution of pastures to the provision of specific rural credits for livestock and recovery and management of pastures. The general objective of this research is to investigate and define the spatial structure of livestock in Brazil, considering three different hypotheses related to the expansion of pastures, spatial patterns and territorial conformation. To fulfill the objective, answer the research questions and analyze the hypotheses, a cartographic approach was used, using data from multiple sources linking statistics and the Geographic Information System (GIS). Among the data used are: rural credit data of the Central Bank of Brazil; statistics from the Municipal Livestock Survey (PPM) and the IBGE's Agricultural Census; vector and matrix data that represent the coverage of pastures in Brazil, such as Probio 2002, TerraClass Amazonia 2014, TerraClass Cerrado 2013 both from the Ministry of the Environment (MMA), as well as the Pasture Synthesis of Brazil (LAPIG) and data from the MapBiomas Project. It was also adopted a Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) model based on the calculation of the local spatial autocorrelation, generating a mapping of clusters that subsidized the creation of a synthetic map of livestock areas. The results show a consolidated pasture cover in most of the Brazilian territory (approximately 175 million hectares), with a greater predominance in the Center-West region of the country. The data also point to a rapid expansion of pastures in the Brazilian Legal Amazon region, which may compromise ecosystem services and intensify territorial conflicts in the region. Between 1975 and 2016 the cattle herd in the North region grew by 2,174%, while between 1975 and 2014 there was an expansion of 525% of the areas occupied by pastures. Even with this intense expansion of livestock activity, the North region did not become a major rural credit collector, with almost always a participation of less than 5% in the total value provided by the National Rural Credit System (SNCR). It was possible to identify a zone of expansion of the livestock activity in the Legal Amazon, corresponding to the north of the state of Pará and the state of Roraima, where there was an expansion of 277% of the area occupied by pastures between 2000 and 2016, registering a stocking bovine> 1.2 head / hectare. In addition, PRODES data indicate that the expansion zone concentrated around 23% of deforestation in the Legal Amazon in 2016. These data allowed to support the thesis that currently, the agricultural frontiers, particularly in the Legal Amazon, do not present in their genesis a precarious use of land, registering livestock productivity similar to or greater than the other regions of Brazil.A pecuária se constitui uma das principais atividades econômicas do Brasil, motiva a ocupação de cerca de 30% do território nacional com pastagens e responde por uma fatia de 30% do PIB do agronegócio. A rápida expansão das pastagens incentivada pela possibilidade de especulação e garantia de posse das terras, fez com que grande parte das áreas desmatadas fossem destinadas à produção pecuária com baixa eficiência. Várias estratégias têm sido empreendidas no sentido de melhor direcionar a evolução, a distribuição espacial e a produtividade da atividade pecuária; tais ações têm sua gênese nas políticas de conhecimento do território nacional e na distribuição das pastagens até o fornecimento de créditos rurais específicos para pecuária e recuperação e manejo de pastagens. O objetivo geral desta pesquisa centra-se na investigação e definição da estrutura espacial da pecuária no Brasil, considerando três diferentes hipóteses ligadas à expansão das pastagens, padrões espaciais e conformação territorial. Para cumprir o objetivo, responder as perguntas de pesquisa e analisar as hipóteses foi utilizada uma abordagem cartográfica, valendo-se de dados de múltiplas fontes unindo estatística e Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG). Entre os dados utilizados cita-se: dados de crédito rural do Banco Central do Brasil; estatísticas da Pesquisa Pecuária Municipal (PPM) e do Censo Agropecuário do IBGE; dados vetoriais e matriciais que representam a cobertura das pastagens no Brasil, tais como o Probio 2002, TerraClass Amazônia 2014 e o TerraClass Cerrado 2013, ambos do Ministério de Meio Ambiente (MMA), além da Mancha Síntese das Pastagens do Brasil (LAPIG) e dos dados do Projeto MapBiomas. Foi adotada ainda uma modelagem de Análise Exploratória de Dados Espaciais (AEDE) baseada no cálculo da autocoorelação espacial local, gerando um mapeamento de clusters que subsidiou a criação de um mapa síntese de zonas pecuárias. Os resultados levantados apontam para uma cobertura de pastagens consolidada na maior parte do território nacional (aproximadamente 175 milhões de hectares), com maior predominância na região Centro-Oeste do país. Os dados ainda apontam para uma rápida expansão das pastagens na região da Amazônia Legal brasileira, o que pode comprometer os serviços ecossistêmicos e recrudescer conflitos territoriais na região. Entre 1975 e 2016 o rebanho bovino na região Norte cresceu 2.174%, ao passo que entre 1975 e 2014 houve uma expansão de 525% das áreas ocupadas por pastagens. Mesmo com esta intensa expansão da atividade pecuária, a região norte não se transformou em grande captadora de crédito rural apresentando quase sempre uma participação menor que 5% no valor total disponibilizado pelo Sistema Nacional de Crédito Rural (SNCR). Foi possível identificar uma zona de expansão da atividade pecuária na Amazônia Legal, que corresponde ao norte do estado do Pará e ao estado de Roraima, local em que houve a expansão de 277% da área ocupada por pastagens entre 2000 e 2016, bem como, segundo dados PRODES concentrou em torno de 23% dos desmatamentos da Amazônia Legal em 2016, registrando com lotação bovina > 1,2 cabeças/hectare. Tais dados permitiram sustentar a tese de que atualmente, as fronteiras agrícolas, em particular na Amazônia Legal, não apresentam em sua gênese um uso precário da terra, registrando produtividade pecuária similar ou maior que as demais regiões do Brasil.Submitted by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2018-01-10T16:03:27Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Silvio Braz de Sousa - 2017.pdf: 22970908 bytes, checksum: 06f9a68a1837a3009745722de4451bea (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-01-11T11:03:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Silvio Braz de Sousa - 2017.pdf: 22970908 bytes, checksum: 06f9a68a1837a3009745722de4451bea (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-11T11:03:43Z (GMT). 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dc.title.eng.fl_str_mv Dinâmica territorial e padrões espaciais da pecuária brasileira
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv Territorial dynamics and space patterns of the brazilian livestock
title Dinâmica territorial e padrões espaciais da pecuária brasileira
spellingShingle Dinâmica territorial e padrões espaciais da pecuária brasileira
Sousa, Silvio Braz de
Expansão das pastagens
Fronteiras agrícolas
Clusters
Crédito rural
Pasture expansion
Agricultural frontiers
Clusters
Rural credit
CIENCIAS HUMANAS::GEOGRAFIA
title_short Dinâmica territorial e padrões espaciais da pecuária brasileira
title_full Dinâmica territorial e padrões espaciais da pecuária brasileira
title_fullStr Dinâmica territorial e padrões espaciais da pecuária brasileira
title_full_unstemmed Dinâmica territorial e padrões espaciais da pecuária brasileira
title_sort Dinâmica territorial e padrões espaciais da pecuária brasileira
author Sousa, Silvio Braz de
author_facet Sousa, Silvio Braz de
author_role author
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv Ferreira, Laerte Guimarães
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/5542860613403348
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv Miziara, Fausto
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/3275079358565458
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv Ferreira, Laerte Guimarães
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv Oliveira, Ivanilton José de
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv Deus, João Batista de
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv Cunha, Cleyzer Adrian da
dc.contributor.referee5.fl_str_mv Couto, Victor Rezende Moreira
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/5542860613403348
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Sousa, Silvio Braz de
contributor_str_mv Ferreira, Laerte Guimarães
Miziara, Fausto
Ferreira, Laerte Guimarães
Oliveira, Ivanilton José de
Deus, João Batista de
Cunha, Cleyzer Adrian da
Couto, Victor Rezende Moreira
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Expansão das pastagens
Fronteiras agrícolas
Clusters
Crédito rural
topic Expansão das pastagens
Fronteiras agrícolas
Clusters
Crédito rural
Pasture expansion
Agricultural frontiers
Clusters
Rural credit
CIENCIAS HUMANAS::GEOGRAFIA
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv Pasture expansion
Agricultural frontiers
Clusters
Rural credit
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv CIENCIAS HUMANAS::GEOGRAFIA
description Livestock farming constitutes one of the main economic activities in Brazil, motivating the occupation of about 30% of the national territory with pastures and accounts for a share of 30% of agribusiness GDP. The rapid expansion of pastures, encouraged by the possibility of speculation and guarantee of land tenure, meant that a large part of the deforested areas was destined to cattle production with low efficiency. Several strategies have been undertaken to better target the evolution, spatial distribution and productivity of livestock activity; such actions have their genesis in the knowledge policies of the national territory, and in the distribution of pastures to the provision of specific rural credits for livestock and recovery and management of pastures. The general objective of this research is to investigate and define the spatial structure of livestock in Brazil, considering three different hypotheses related to the expansion of pastures, spatial patterns and territorial conformation. To fulfill the objective, answer the research questions and analyze the hypotheses, a cartographic approach was used, using data from multiple sources linking statistics and the Geographic Information System (GIS). Among the data used are: rural credit data of the Central Bank of Brazil; statistics from the Municipal Livestock Survey (PPM) and the IBGE's Agricultural Census; vector and matrix data that represent the coverage of pastures in Brazil, such as Probio 2002, TerraClass Amazonia 2014, TerraClass Cerrado 2013 both from the Ministry of the Environment (MMA), as well as the Pasture Synthesis of Brazil (LAPIG) and data from the MapBiomas Project. It was also adopted a Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) model based on the calculation of the local spatial autocorrelation, generating a mapping of clusters that subsidized the creation of a synthetic map of livestock areas. The results show a consolidated pasture cover in most of the Brazilian territory (approximately 175 million hectares), with a greater predominance in the Center-West region of the country. The data also point to a rapid expansion of pastures in the Brazilian Legal Amazon region, which may compromise ecosystem services and intensify territorial conflicts in the region. Between 1975 and 2016 the cattle herd in the North region grew by 2,174%, while between 1975 and 2014 there was an expansion of 525% of the areas occupied by pastures. Even with this intense expansion of livestock activity, the North region did not become a major rural credit collector, with almost always a participation of less than 5% in the total value provided by the National Rural Credit System (SNCR). It was possible to identify a zone of expansion of the livestock activity in the Legal Amazon, corresponding to the north of the state of Pará and the state of Roraima, where there was an expansion of 277% of the area occupied by pastures between 2000 and 2016, registering a stocking bovine> 1.2 head / hectare. In addition, PRODES data indicate that the expansion zone concentrated around 23% of deforestation in the Legal Amazon in 2016. These data allowed to support the thesis that currently, the agricultural frontiers, particularly in the Legal Amazon, do not present in their genesis a precarious use of land, registering livestock productivity similar to or greater than the other regions of Brazil.
publishDate 2017
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2017-12-04
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2018-01-11T11:03:43Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
format doctoralThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv SOUSA, S. B. Dinâmica territorial e padrões espaciais da pecuária brasileira. 2017. 182 f. Tese (Doutorado em Geografia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2017.
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8099
dc.identifier.dark.fl_str_mv ark:/38995/00130000094ds
identifier_str_mv SOUSA, S. B. Dinâmica territorial e padrões espaciais da pecuária brasileira. 2017. 182 f. Tese (Doutorado em Geografia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2017.
ark:/38995/00130000094ds
url http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8099
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