Importância de processos determinísticos e estocásticos sobre padrões de diversidade taxonômica, funcional e filogenética de mariposas Arctiinae

• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Carolina Moreno dos
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7602
• topic: Atributos funcionais; Lepidoptera; Relações filogenéticas; Functional traits; Lepidoptera; Phylogenetic relationships; CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA

Arctiinae is one of the most diverse and cosmopolitan subfamilies of Lepidoptera, and is composed of four tribes: Lithosiini, Amerilini, Syntomini and Arctiini. In the Neotropics occur Arctiini and Lithosiini only. Moths of these two tribes are very different in body size, coloration patterns, diet, in the type of secondary compounds they sequester, and in habitat use. The morphological, physiological, and behavioral characteristics of these moths are very important in influencing their distribution in the environment. The distribution of species can also be highly influenced by deterministics (based in the niche models, like as ecological interactions and environmental filtering) and stochastic processes (i.e.: ecological drift, dispersion limitations, random speciation and extinction). To answer which processes best determine the distribution of Arctiinae moths, this Thesis was composed by three chapters. In the first chapter I tested which model of metacommunity (related to environmental and spatial variables) best determine the distribution of groups of species: common, rare, habitat specialist, habitat generalist and species belonging to tribes Arctiini and Lithosiini. In the second chapter, I tested if the functional structure of Arctiini and of Lithosiini and if the phylogenetic structure of Arctiini are influenced in the same way by stochastic and deterministic processes. Arctiinae moths (both tribes) were influenced by environmental (also related to deterministic processes) and spatial (also related to stochastic processes) variables, but the environment was more important to the majority of the groups of taxonomic diversity (chapter 1) and to the functional and phylogenetic diversities (chapter 2). As the deterministic processes are very important to determine the distribution of Arctiinae on communities, in the third chapter I tested which deterministic process (specifically, antagonic interactions or environmental filtering) is more important in determine the functional structure of these moths along different physiognomies and in two marked weather seasons, characteristics of the study area. The results showed that Arctiinae moths are strongly influenced by environmental filters, and that antagonistic interactions (i.e. competition) are not so important in determine the functional structure of Arctiinae moths on communities.