Avaliação ambiental das unidades da paisagem do Parque Municipal Serra da Areia e sua Zona de Amortecimento em Aparecida de Goiânia-GO

• Autor(a) principal: Mendonça Neto, Wilson Lopes
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• dARK ID: ark:/38995/0013000003qw4
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/3419
• topic: Unidades de conservação; Avaliação ambiental; Unidades da paisagem; Áreas de mananciais; Conservation units; Environmental assessment; Landscape unit; Water source areas; GEOGRAFIA REGIONAL::ANALISE REGIONAL

In the context of various urban agglomerations, and in particular the Metropolitan Region of Goiania - RMG, a major challenge that presents today is the availability of water sources, its qualities and also the distribution of water resources for public water supplies. The water supply for RMG is primarily carried out by the company Sanitation Goiás S / A - Saneago and secondarily by independent municipal systems. Goiânia (1.333.767 inhabitants), Aparecida de Goiânia (500.619 inhabitants) and Trindade (107.966 inhabitants) are the most populous municipalities and the sum of its inhabitants (1.915.952) represents more than 85% of the population of RMG. These three municipalities have in common the fact that they are served by a single integrated system of water supply formed by watershed areas of Ribeirão João Leite, Meia Ponte River, Córrego Samambaia, Córrego do Arrozal and Córrego Lajes. This work focused about one of the watershed areas that make up this integrated system. The area corresponds to the Conservation Unit, Parque Municipal Serra da Areia, which is located entirely in the city of Aparecida de Goiânia and, too, its Buffer Zone, that covers areas of the municipalities of Aparecida de Goiania, Goiania, Hidrolandia, and Aragoiânia, and Abadia de Goiás. The aimed was conduct an Environmental Assessment. To this end, observations and analysis were supported by concepts developed within the Study of Landscapes in Physical Geography and methodology Pressure-State-Response utilized for preparation and analysis of environmental indicators. In order to support the organization, the analysis and synthesis of spatial data included in the survey GIS tools were used. From the application of these tools were prepared illustrative resources as thematic maps, infographics, schematic illustrations and tables in order to best represent the consolidated results and the process of organization and execution of the research were developed. The study area was investigated through four main channels: a survey of literature sources on the study area; interviews with various actors involved in the management, planning and the exploitation of resources of the area; acquisition, digital processing of satellite images for extraction and analysis of data and geographic information of the area, which also involved conducting fieldwork for spot verification of such information; obtaining, organizing and analyzing secondary data provided by the National Research by Household Sample, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. From the adopted procedures were realized the mapping of landscape units of the study area, over which the environmental assessment was performed. Data were summarized in an index of environmental quality, expressed by a map of environmental quality, from which it was possible to identify and evaluate various environmental contexts. Results demonstrated different levels of changing landscapes and, consequently, the environmental framework. The main consequence related to the identified scenario is the risk of exhaustion and / or pollution of water resources on which they depend are currently more than 100,000 households in Aparecida de Goiânia.