Emissão de gases de efeito estufa em arroz irrigado em várzea tropical
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2018 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFG |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/9022 |
Resumo: | The flooded rice crop (Oryza sativa L.) emits both N2O and CH4, which can contribute significantly to total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Application of nitrogen fertilizers is normally necessary to achieve optimum yields, however over application may increase the risks of pollution and N2O and CH4 emissions in flooded rice system. A study in field conditions was carried out at the Palmital Farm, Embrapa Experimental Station Rice and Beans, in Gleysol Haplic, in order to verify the greenhouse gas emissions, the carbon stock and the physical properties of the soil in a system of production of flooded rice in tropical lowlands under different sources and doses of N. The treatments resulted from the factorial combination: (common urea (UC) and protected urea (UP)), and three nitrogen doses (30, 70, 150 kg ha-1) plus the control. Unformed and deformed soil samples were collected at depths 0-5; 5-10; 10-15; 15-20; 20-30; 30-40 and 40-50 cm, to determine the physical properties of the soil. Gas collection was carried out in the 2014/2015 harvest, in the off-season 2015, and in the 2015/2016 harvest. The concentrations of N2O and CH4 were determined by gas chromatography. For the determination of nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4 +) in the non-flooded period, soil samples were collected, soil solutions were collected in the flooded period, Eh and soil pH were determined. Nitrogen management affected the physical quality of Gleysol Haplic studied, but did not interfere in the productivity of flooded rice. The carbon and total nitrogen stocks decreased as the depth increased in the soil profile, with an increase in the layer of 10-20 cm. The results indicate that N2O fluxes remained low, regardless of applied N rates, when the soil was flooded, but they showed emission peaks in the non-flooded period, especially after precipitation or in the drainage period for the rice harvest. For the CH4 emissions the highest flows occurred at the end of the vegetative stage (growth) of the rice and after drainage when the soil was low aeration. The N2O and CH4 fluxes did not present a linear relation with the NH4 +, Eh and soil pH values. Emissions of N2O and CH4 did not show significant differences between sources and doses of N. Emissions of N2O increased with the incorporation of green manure, while CH4 emissions were potentiated with the incorporation of rice crop residues. The 64 kg ha-1 dose presented the best efficiency of N fertilizer to cultivate BRS Catiana with the lowest emission intensity. |
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Correchel, Vladiahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4781536691286837Silva, Mellissa Ananias Soler dahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6546085163771966Correchel, VladiaSilva, Mellissa Ananias Soler daDamim, VirgíniaEvangelista, Adão Warner PêgoCarvalho, Marcia Thais de Melohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9499442555783589Mascarenhas, Yoná Serpa2018-11-01T15:44:43Z2018-05-28MASCARENHAS, Y. S. Emissão de gases de efeito estufa em arroz irrigado em várzea tropical. 2018. 121 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2018.http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/9022The flooded rice crop (Oryza sativa L.) emits both N2O and CH4, which can contribute significantly to total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Application of nitrogen fertilizers is normally necessary to achieve optimum yields, however over application may increase the risks of pollution and N2O and CH4 emissions in flooded rice system. A study in field conditions was carried out at the Palmital Farm, Embrapa Experimental Station Rice and Beans, in Gleysol Haplic, in order to verify the greenhouse gas emissions, the carbon stock and the physical properties of the soil in a system of production of flooded rice in tropical lowlands under different sources and doses of N. The treatments resulted from the factorial combination: (common urea (UC) and protected urea (UP)), and three nitrogen doses (30, 70, 150 kg ha-1) plus the control. Unformed and deformed soil samples were collected at depths 0-5; 5-10; 10-15; 15-20; 20-30; 30-40 and 40-50 cm, to determine the physical properties of the soil. Gas collection was carried out in the 2014/2015 harvest, in the off-season 2015, and in the 2015/2016 harvest. The concentrations of N2O and CH4 were determined by gas chromatography. For the determination of nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4 +) in the non-flooded period, soil samples were collected, soil solutions were collected in the flooded period, Eh and soil pH were determined. Nitrogen management affected the physical quality of Gleysol Haplic studied, but did not interfere in the productivity of flooded rice. The carbon and total nitrogen stocks decreased as the depth increased in the soil profile, with an increase in the layer of 10-20 cm. The results indicate that N2O fluxes remained low, regardless of applied N rates, when the soil was flooded, but they showed emission peaks in the non-flooded period, especially after precipitation or in the drainage period for the rice harvest. For the CH4 emissions the highest flows occurred at the end of the vegetative stage (growth) of the rice and after drainage when the soil was low aeration. The N2O and CH4 fluxes did not present a linear relation with the NH4 +, Eh and soil pH values. Emissions of N2O and CH4 did not show significant differences between sources and doses of N. Emissions of N2O increased with the incorporation of green manure, while CH4 emissions were potentiated with the incorporation of rice crop residues. The 64 kg ha-1 dose presented the best efficiency of N fertilizer to cultivate BRS Catiana with the lowest emission intensity.O cultivo de arroz inundado (Oryza sativa L.) emite tanto N2O como CH4, que podem contribuir significativamente para as emissões totais de gases de efeito estufa (GEE) dos sistemas. A aplicação de fertilizantes nitrogenados, normalmente é necessária para atingir ótimos rendimentos, no entanto, aplicação em excesso, pode aumentar os riscos de poluição e de emissões de N2O e CH4 em sistema de arroz irrigado por inundação. Um estudo em condições de campo foi realizado na Fazenda Palmital, Estação Experimental da Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, em Gleissolo Háplico, com o intuito de determinar as emissões de GEE, o estoque de carbono e as propriedades físicas do solo em sistema de produção de arroz irrigado por inundação em várzeas tropicais sob diferentes fontes e doses de N. Os tratamentos resultaram da combinação fatorial: (ureia comum (UC) e ureia protegida (UP)), e três doses nitrogênio (30, 70, 150 kg ha-1), mais a testemunha. Coletaram-se amostras indeformadas e deformadas de solo nas profundidades 0-5; 5-10; 10-15; 15-20; 20-30; 30-40 e 40-50 cm, para determinação das propriedades físicas do solo. As coletas dos gases foram realizadas na safra 2014/2015, na entressafra 2015, e na safra 2015/2016. As concentrações de N2O e CH4 foram determinadas por cromatografia gasosa. Para determinação de nitrato (NO3-) e amônio (NH4+) no período não inundado foram coletadas amostras de solo e no período inundado foram coletadas soluções do solo, das quais também foram determinados o Eh e o pH do solo. O manejo do nitrogênio afetou a qualidade física do Gleissolo Háplico estudado, porém não interferiu na produtividade do arroz irrigado por inundação. Os estoques de carbono (C) e de N total diminuíram com o aumento da profundidade do perfil do solo, com maior incremento na camada 10-20 cm. Os resultados indicam que os fluxos de N2O permaneceram baixos, independentemente das taxas de N aplicadas, quando o solo estava inundado, mas apresentaram picos de emissões no período não inundado, especialmente após precipitações ou após o período de drenagem para a colheita do arroz. Para as emissões de CH4, os maiores fluxos ocorreram no final da fase vegetativa do arroz e após a drenagem, quando o solo se encontrava com baixa aeração. Os fluxos de N2O e CH4 não apresentaram relação linear com os teores de NH4+, Eh e pH do solo. As emissões de N2O e CH4 não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre as fontes e doses de N. As emissões de N2O elevaram-se com a incorporação de adubo verde, enquanto as emissões de CH4 foram potencializadas com a incorporação dos restos culturais do arroz. A dose 64 kg ha-1 apresentou a melhor eficiência de uso de N fertilizante para cultivar BRS Catiana com a menor intensidade de emissão.Submitted by Onia Arantes Albuquerque (onia.ufg@gmail.com) on 2018-11-01T15:21:36Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Yoná Serpa Mascarenhas - 2018.pdf: 2053155 bytes, checksum: 6802041af44b7acb24d35f6fbf64647d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-11-01T15:44:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Yoná Serpa Mascarenhas - 2018.pdf: 2053155 bytes, checksum: 6802041af44b7acb24d35f6fbf64647d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-01T15:44:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Yoná Serpa Mascarenhas - 2018.pdf: 2053155 bytes, checksum: 6802041af44b7acb24d35f6fbf64647d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05-28Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de GoiásPrograma de Pós-graduação em Agronomia (EA)UFGBrasilEscola de Agronomia - EA (RG)http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessOryza sativaFísica do soloInibidorÓxido nitrosoMetanoOryza sativaSoil physicsInhibitorNitrous oxideMethaneAGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLOEmissão de gases de efeito estufa em arroz irrigado em várzea tropicalEmission of greenhouse gases in irrigated rice in tropical floodplaininfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis-5756624928798959431600600600600-6046953723502374070-59198405272323756712075167498588264571reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFGinstname:Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG)instacron:UFGLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; 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dc.title.eng.fl_str_mv |
Emissão de gases de efeito estufa em arroz irrigado em várzea tropical |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Emission of greenhouse gases in irrigated rice in tropical floodplain |
title |
Emissão de gases de efeito estufa em arroz irrigado em várzea tropical |
spellingShingle |
Emissão de gases de efeito estufa em arroz irrigado em várzea tropical Mascarenhas, Yoná Serpa Oryza sativa Física do solo Inibidor Óxido nitroso Metano Oryza sativa Soil physics Inhibitor Nitrous oxide Methane AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
title_short |
Emissão de gases de efeito estufa em arroz irrigado em várzea tropical |
title_full |
Emissão de gases de efeito estufa em arroz irrigado em várzea tropical |
title_fullStr |
Emissão de gases de efeito estufa em arroz irrigado em várzea tropical |
title_full_unstemmed |
Emissão de gases de efeito estufa em arroz irrigado em várzea tropical |
title_sort |
Emissão de gases de efeito estufa em arroz irrigado em várzea tropical |
author |
Mascarenhas, Yoná Serpa |
author_facet |
Mascarenhas, Yoná Serpa |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Correchel, Vladia |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/4781536691286837 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Silva, Mellissa Ananias Soler da |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/6546085163771966 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Correchel, Vladia |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Silva, Mellissa Ananias Soler da |
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv |
Damim, Virgínia |
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv |
Evangelista, Adão Warner Pêgo |
dc.contributor.referee5.fl_str_mv |
Carvalho, Marcia Thais de Melo |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/9499442555783589 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Mascarenhas, Yoná Serpa |
contributor_str_mv |
Correchel, Vladia Silva, Mellissa Ananias Soler da Correchel, Vladia Silva, Mellissa Ananias Soler da Damim, Virgínia Evangelista, Adão Warner Pêgo Carvalho, Marcia Thais de Melo |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Oryza sativa Física do solo Inibidor Óxido nitroso Metano |
topic |
Oryza sativa Física do solo Inibidor Óxido nitroso Metano Oryza sativa Soil physics Inhibitor Nitrous oxide Methane AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Oryza sativa Soil physics Inhibitor Nitrous oxide Methane |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
description |
The flooded rice crop (Oryza sativa L.) emits both N2O and CH4, which can contribute significantly to total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Application of nitrogen fertilizers is normally necessary to achieve optimum yields, however over application may increase the risks of pollution and N2O and CH4 emissions in flooded rice system. A study in field conditions was carried out at the Palmital Farm, Embrapa Experimental Station Rice and Beans, in Gleysol Haplic, in order to verify the greenhouse gas emissions, the carbon stock and the physical properties of the soil in a system of production of flooded rice in tropical lowlands under different sources and doses of N. The treatments resulted from the factorial combination: (common urea (UC) and protected urea (UP)), and three nitrogen doses (30, 70, 150 kg ha-1) plus the control. Unformed and deformed soil samples were collected at depths 0-5; 5-10; 10-15; 15-20; 20-30; 30-40 and 40-50 cm, to determine the physical properties of the soil. Gas collection was carried out in the 2014/2015 harvest, in the off-season 2015, and in the 2015/2016 harvest. The concentrations of N2O and CH4 were determined by gas chromatography. For the determination of nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4 +) in the non-flooded period, soil samples were collected, soil solutions were collected in the flooded period, Eh and soil pH were determined. Nitrogen management affected the physical quality of Gleysol Haplic studied, but did not interfere in the productivity of flooded rice. The carbon and total nitrogen stocks decreased as the depth increased in the soil profile, with an increase in the layer of 10-20 cm. The results indicate that N2O fluxes remained low, regardless of applied N rates, when the soil was flooded, but they showed emission peaks in the non-flooded period, especially after precipitation or in the drainage period for the rice harvest. For the CH4 emissions the highest flows occurred at the end of the vegetative stage (growth) of the rice and after drainage when the soil was low aeration. The N2O and CH4 fluxes did not present a linear relation with the NH4 +, Eh and soil pH values. Emissions of N2O and CH4 did not show significant differences between sources and doses of N. Emissions of N2O increased with the incorporation of green manure, while CH4 emissions were potentiated with the incorporation of rice crop residues. The 64 kg ha-1 dose presented the best efficiency of N fertilizer to cultivate BRS Catiana with the lowest emission intensity. |
publishDate |
2018 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2018-11-01T15:44:43Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2018-05-28 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
MASCARENHAS, Y. S. Emissão de gases de efeito estufa em arroz irrigado em várzea tropical. 2018. 121 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2018. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/9022 |
identifier_str_mv |
MASCARENHAS, Y. S. Emissão de gases de efeito estufa em arroz irrigado em várzea tropical. 2018. 121 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2018. |
url |
http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/9022 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.program.fl_str_mv |
-5756624928798959431 |
dc.relation.confidence.fl_str_mv |
600 600 600 600 |
dc.relation.department.fl_str_mv |
-6046953723502374070 |
dc.relation.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
-5919840527232375671 |
dc.relation.sponsorship.fl_str_mv |
2075167498588264571 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Goiás |
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv |
Programa de Pós-graduação em Agronomia (EA) |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UFG |
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv |
Brasil |
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv |
Escola de Agronomia - EA (RG) |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Goiás |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
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Repositório Institucional da UFG - Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) |
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tasesdissertacoes.bc@ufg.br |
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