Desenvolvimento de fases monolíticas para métodos de extração aplicados a análise LC-UV de herbicidas em amostras de água

• Autor(a) principal: Soares, Francielle Queiroz
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• dARK ID: ark:/38995/001300000451s
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8598
• topic: Polímeros monolíticos; Extração em fase sólida; Herbicidas triazínicos; Monolithic polymers; Solid phase extraction; Triazine herbicides; CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA

Monolithic polymers can be defined as continuous porous polymers, synthesized in situ in a mold. These materials have been used in chromatographic applications due to the combination of high surface area with excellent permeability and mass transport properties. In this work, monolithic polymers based on styrene and divinylbenzene were synthesized by thermal initiation via bulk polymerization in the presence of different diluents; and via high internal phase emulsion polymerization in presence and absence of toluene as diluent. The monoliths produced via bulk polymerization, which were synthesized in the presence of binary mixtures tetrahydrofuran/decanol and toluene/decanol as polymerization diluents in the ratio 15:85 (v/v) showed mechanical resistance to be applied as extractive phases. Both formulations produced polymers with macroporous characteristics and the tetrahydrofuran/decanol mixture presented larger channels, resulting in higher permeability, in this way it was used as extraction phase for the technique of preparation of samples based on a device of sorptive extraction of micropipette tip (DPX) applied to the determination of triazines in water samples. Under optimized conditions the absolute recovery for the triazines varied from 28 to 64%. The monoliths produced by high internal phase emulsion polymerization showed macroporosity. We have found that the effect of the solvent is more significant for the increase in surface area and the volume and mean diameter of pores than the effect of the reduction of these by the increase in velocity. With this, the monolith prepared in the presence of toluene at a speed of 3000 rpm obtained a larger surface area and a larger volume and pore diameter, resulting in a higher permeability. The surface of this monolith was modified with polypyrrole, to verify this film on the selectivity of the resulting phase. When submitted to the extraction process using solid phase extraction devices (SPE), the monolith covered with PPY films presented better extraction efficiency and its parameters were optimized for determination of triazines in water samples by the SPE/LC-UV method (SPE/high performance liquid chromatography with UV-vis detection). According to the figures of merit evaluated, the proposed SPE/LC-UV method presented linearity in the concentration range of 0.5-50 ng.mL-1 and absolute recovery of 75 to 105%, with precision demonstrated by the coefficient of variation lower than 15%. The limit of quantification of the method was 0.5 ng.mL-1 for all the analytes. Thus, it was possible to develop new low-cost monolithic phases with chemical and mechanical resistance and physicochemical characteristics suitable for use as extractive phase in the miniaturized technique of preparation of DPX samples, as well as SPE. The developed phases were evaluated for the determination of triazines in water samples with adequate selectivity and sensitivity. Based on the results, the developed phases present themselves as promising alternative to the commercial extractive phases.