Histoplasmose disseminada em pacientes com AIDS: características clínico-epidemiológicas e análise espacial em hospital de referência de uma metrópole do centro- oeste brasileiro

• Autor(a) principal: Ferreira, Bianca da Silva
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7701
• topic: Histoplasmose; AIDS; Análise espacial; Georreferenciamento; Micose; Epidemiologia; Histoplasmosis; AIDS; Spatial analysis; Georreferencing; Mycosis; Epidemiology; CLINICA MEDICA::DOENCAS INFECCIOSAS E PARASITARIAS

The histoplasmosis is an important endemic mycosis caused by Histoplasma capsulatum. It’s is an AIDS-defining illness. It causes in patients with AIDS, especially when LT-CD4 + <100 cells./mm³ the disseminated form and has high letality rates. Although In the metropolitan area of Goiânia a high rate of disseminated histoplasmosis is observed in patients with AIDS, the real incidence and risk factors are unknown. Objectives: Describe the clinical-epidemiological characteristics and the spatial distribution of cases of histoplasmosis in patients with AIDS in the city of Goiânia and Aparecida de Goiânia. Methods: A descriptive ecological study conducted in patients from Tropical Diseases Hospital Dr. Anuar Auad, from January 2003 to July 2014. A standardized survey was applied to medical records of patients with AIDS and disseminated histoplasmosis with laboratory confirmation from Goiânia and Aparecida de Goiânia. A statistical analysis and description of the epidemiological clinical data was performed with georeferencing, production of maps and spatial analysis. Results: The disseminated histoplasmosis in AIDS patients has a high incidence in the metropolitan area of Goiânia and Aparecida de Goiânia, with a total of 166 cases. Most of the patients were young men with low income and low education level. Histoplasmosis was AIDS-defining illnesses in 68 patients, and the average LTCD4+ was 70 cels./mm³ to histoplasmosis diagnosis. The main symptoms were: respiratory, gastrointestinal and cutaneous. The spatial location of the cases were predominantly aleatory in both cities studied, however two important regions were detected: one in the east and another in western of Goiania, both close to water sources. Conclusions: Histoplasmosis is an urban disease with very high incidence in Goiânia and Aparecida de Goiânia. All cases presented a serious clinical features and high mortality rates. The treatment is applied in an irregular manner and does not follow the guidelines recommendations. The cases found are related to areas of environmental degradation and uncontrolled urbanization. They were also related to green areas and waterways.