Obtenção e caracterização do extrato seco Padronizado de Vernonanthura ferruginea (LESS.) H. Rob., Asteraceae (Assa-Peixe)

• Autor(a) principal: SILVA, Ezequiane Machado da
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• dARK ID: ark:/38995/001300000d1sh
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/2107
• topic: Fitoterápico; Lupeol; Controle de qualidade; Spray drying; Gastroproteção; Phytomedicines; Lupeol; Quality control; Spray drying; Gastroprotection; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::FARMACIA::FARMACOGNOSIA

Vernonanthura ferruginea (Less.) H. Rob. (Asteraceae), a typical plant of the Brazilian savannah, popularly known as assa-peixe, presented analgesic, antiedematogenic, antioxidant and antiulcer activities in scientific studies. But in literature there are no works related to the production of dried extracts of this plant species. In this work, standardized spray-dried extracts of V. ferruginea were obtained. The work started with the obtainment and characterization powder of the leaves of the V. ferruginea. A hydroalcoholic extract was obtained by percolation using as solvent ethanol 95 % (v/v). The drying experiments followed a 23 + 2 factorial design. The influence of several in-process parameters e. g. extract feed rate, drying air inlet temperature and drying adjuvant ratio, on the dried extracts properties were investigated. The properties investigated were process yield, residual moisture, water activity, total triterpenes content and lupeol content. The lupeol, triterpene related to several pharmacological activities (anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiulcer, etc), was first time isolated in this species and was used as chemical marker in High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) quantification assays in all steps of this work. In this way an analytical methodology was validated following Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA Brazilian National Health Surveillance Agency) guidelines. This methodology proved to be selective, linear, sensible, precise, accurate and robust. On the herbal raw material characterization, preliminary phytochemical screening was performed, which confirmed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, triterpenes, saponins, resins and mucilage. Was also observed a mean powder size of 398.97 ± 6.91 μm, as well as moisture, total triterpenes and lupeol contents of 8.25 ± 0.57%, 2.49 ± 0.16% and 0.17 ± 0.01%, respectively. The concentrated hydroalcoholic extract presented density of 0.8364 ± 0.0015 g/mL, solids content of 6.70 ± 0.19%, pH 5.81 ± 0.05, alcoholic content of 87.08 ± 0.80% and a viscosity of 4.93 ± 0.0416 mPas. The levels of total triterpenes and lupeol contents were 22.57 ± 0.94 and 4.31 ± 0.01%, respectively. Results showed drying yields ranging from 10.47 to 30.82%. Also, all dried products showed moisture contents and water activities below 5% and 0.5, respectively. Analysis of variance (ANOVAs) proved that all factors and some of their interactions significantly affected the levels of total triterpenes and lupeol contents. Moreover, the selected condition for obtaining dry extracts of V. ferruginea with adequate physicochemical properties is the one performed with the higher colloidal silicon dioxide ratio (20%), the lower extract feed rate (4mL/min) and the lower drying air inlet temperature (80°C), in which it was obtained levels of total triterpenes and lupeol contents of 7.65 ± 0.27% and 2.47 ± 0.04%, respectively. The dry extract obtained in this condition show high content of spherical particles and its antiulcer activitie in model of ulcer induced by indomethacin was proved. Comparison of powder, hydroalcoholic and dry extract chromatographic (TLC) show that the hydroalcoholic extraction was selective for the extraction of lupeol against other major terpenes and the drying process did not cause changes in the chemical profile of the extract with respect to these substances. Thus, the spray drying can be an attractive e and promising alternative for the development of V. ferruginea phytomedicines.