Aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos das infecções de sítio cirúrgico por micobactéria não tuberculosas no município de Goiânia-Goiás

• Autor(a) principal: Braga, Jessyca Rodrigues
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7257
• topic: Infecção da ferida operatória; Infecção hospitalar; Infecções por micobactéria não tuberculosa; Controle de infecções; Surgical wound infection; Cross infection; Infection control; Mycobacterium infections; Nontuberculous; CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM

Surgical Site Infection (SSI), besides being an indicator of the quality of care, is one of the main healthcare-associated infection (HAI). SSI caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) has become increasingly frequent, increasing the prevalence of SSI in clinical practice. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiological and clinical aspects of SSI by MNT in the city of Goiânia-Goiás. METHODS: Retrospective cross-sectional study, carried out from the Municipal Coordination of Infection Control and Patient Safety in Health Services (Comciss), of the Municipality of Goiânia - Goiás (Brazil). The population consisted of clinical cases of SSI by probable MNT notified to Comciss, by public and private health institutions of the city of Goiânia-Goiás, in the period from 2006 to 2015. Data were collected during the months of October to December 2015 and March 2016. The source of the data consisted of the notification/investigation forms of SSI cases by MNT stored in Comciss. The data were organized, processed and analyzed in SPSS software version 20.0 and estimated by means of simple frequency and measures of central tendency (average, fashion and median). Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test were used to assess the differences between proportions, and Odds Ratio to estimate the chance of positivity for each outcome. The level of significance was considered p <0.05. RESULTS: One hundred twenty two specimens were positive for MNT and 9 were negative. The average age of the patients was 38.15 years (SD: 13.8, min: 19 and max: 86 years). The female sex predominated in 77.1% of the cases. Comciss was the main responsible (67.1%) for the notifications. The private healthcare institutions accounted for 92.3% of the surgeries performed. Aesthetic surgeries were the most prevalent (51.9%), with mammoplasty being the most frequent. The conventional route stood out with 44.2%, compared to those made by video. The species M. abscessus and M. fortuitum prevailed. Orthopedic surgery (p = 0.002) and general surgery (p <0.001) presented a statistical association for M. abscessus infection. The use of prosthesis (p <0.001, OR 95%: 6.12) and plastic surgery (p <0.001; OR 95%: 5.90) showed statistical difference for M. fortuitum infection, but were not associated in regression. Signs / symptoms were present in 119 patients, including fever, secretion, abscess, nodules, hyperemia, among others. Clarithromycin was the most commonly used antimicrobial for the treatment of SSI by M. abscessus, and amikacin-associated clarithromycin was the most commonly used antimicrobial therapy for M. fortuitum. Resistance to 12 (80%) different antimicrobials was found for M. abscessus, and 15 (88.2%) for M. fortuitum. CONCLUSIONS: Females predominated, with mammoplasty being the main surgery. M. abscessus and M. fortuitum were the most prevalent species, being resistant to up to 15 (88,2%) antimicrobials. Being submitted to orthopedic and general surgery was a factor associated with ISC by M. abscessus.