Índices morfo-fisiológicos para crescimento, acúmulo de açúcares e fibras em cana-de-açúcar

• Autor(a) principal: Mitsuzono, Suzy Taeko
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8530
• topic: Cana-de-açúcar; Sacarose; Fibras; Energia; Sugarcane; Sucrose; Fibers; Energy; CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA

The aim of this work was to determine the most predictive parameters for sugar and fiber yield in sugarcane in the first crop cycle (cane plant), from an experimental population consisting of clones in earlier and later stages of genetic breeding, including, in the latter, some commercial varieties. The parameters here studied included biometric index data, physiological indices, and quantitative and qualitative data for soluble and insoluble sugars (fibers) of the stem. The canes (74 clones) were evaluated at 180, 240 and 300 days after transplanting (DAT). The following biometric indices were determined: number of leaves, length (Co) and width (l) of leaves, fresh mass (MS), dry mass (MS), stem diameter (D), mean plant height (A) and number of tillers (NP). The physiological indexes were leaf area (AF), total chlorophyll content (CT), leaf area index (IAF), net assimilation rate (TAL) and relative growth rate (TCR). Technological analyzes included sucrose content (P), soluble solids content (B), purity (Q), reducing sugars (AR), total recoverable sugars (ATR), stem weight (PCOL), broth weight (PCAL), broth volume (V) and fiber content (F). The higher positive correlations were found among the following parameters: PCOL-PCAL, PCOL-V, PCAL-V e ATR-B, with correlation coefficients of 0,985; 0,980; 0,991 e 0,905, respectively. The higher negative correlation was among the following parameters AR-Q with correlation coefficient of -0,999. The principal component analysis revealed that two components explained 41,5% of all data variation. The best model of multiple linear regression analysis fit culm diameter as independent variable with 30% accuracy at the best prediction. Understanding the response pathways that determine the plant architecture and constitution will help to uncover the best strategies for breeding sugarcane toward a growing global demand of sugars for food and biofuels.