Efeito de aditivos e de Metarhizium anisoplae formulado e aplicado em criadouro simulado sobre Aedes aegypti em condições de laboratório e Aedes sp. em campo

• Autor(a) principal: Lobo, Luciana Silva
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/5130
• topic: Controle biológico; Fungos entomopatogênicos; Mosquitos; Vetores; Transmissão de dengue; Biological control; Entomopathogenic fungi; Mosquitoes; Vectors; Dengue transmission; CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::PARASITOLOGIA

Aedes aegypti is the principal vector of dengue virus in the tropics. Metropolitan Goiânia had the highest incidence of this arbovirose in Central Brazil between 2010 and 2011. Improved integrated control strategies are necessary in order to face vector resistance to chemicals. The entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae is effective against A. aegypti eggs, larvae and adults under laboratory conditions. There is still little knowledge on specific formulation and application techniques to control this mosquito with this and other fungi. The present study reports on the impact of substrates, previously treated or not with vegetable oil, diatomaceous earth and/or M. anisopliae IP 46 conidia on oviposition and survival of A. aegypti under laboratory conditions. In addition, the study presents results on field tests carried out in the city of Goiânia with adapted ovitraps. Laboratory reared adult A. aegypti females and males were exposed in cages to oviposition devices equipped with water, mud or filter paper. Moistened or dry filter paper treated with additives (vegetable oil Graxol® or diatomaceous earth KeepDry®) and/or M. anisopliae s. l. IP 46 conidia were tested as mono or poly-optional assays. Mortality and quantitative oviposition were assessed up to 15 days of exposure and eclosion of larvae after submersion of eggs in water up to 10 days. Field tests were run with adapted ovitraps treated with conidia of IP 46 formulated with water or oil-water. Females never laid eggs on dry filter paper and few eggs on water. Quantitative oviposition decreased at higher oil concentrations and gravid females laid eggs on fungus-treated filter paper regardless of the conidial concentration (poly-optional tests). Adult mortality reached 42.1% at a 15 day incubation when testing filter paper treated with oil-in-water conidia and this formulation reduced larval eclosion (mono-opcional tests). Under field conditions, eggs were detected on filter paper treated or not with water or oil-in-water formulated conidia. Gravid females detected gradient of humidity and oil but they were not influenced by the presence of the conidia. Toxicity of vegetable oil and virulence of IP 46 increased with time of exposure. M. anisopliae applied in a simulated breeding device and formulated in oil showed to be promising against A. aegypti under laboratory and Aedes sp. under field conditions.