Construção de uma ferramenta numérica para análise de radiers estaqueados

• Autor(a) principal: Bittencourt, Douglas Magalhães Albuquerque
• Data de Publicação: 2012
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4348
• topic: Radier estaqueado; Análise numérica; Método dos elementos finitos; Otimização de fundações; Projeto de fundações; Piled raft; Numerical analysis; Finite element method; Optimization of foundations; Design of foundations; ENGENHARIA CIVIL::GEOTECNICA

A growing demand for better-prepared projects of foundations and able to attend the high degree of structural complexity of the actions has been noted in recent years. However, the current geotechnical design philosophy shows itself outdated or unable to solve these needs, due to the fact that traditional methods of calculating piled foundations often ignore the performance of the block contact with the soil and neglect the influence of the stiffness and the interaction among the elements that makeup the foundation system. To increase the quality of the design of large pile groups, with or without associated columns, there is a need for a more rigorous treatment of the problem and, in order to achieve it, one may employ the concept of piled raft which allows an integrated analysis of the entire set responsible for the performance of the foundation: the raft, the piles and the soil. This approach has a complexity inherent of its formulation; therefore, its development is generally more successful employing numerical methods. In this context, this study aimed to develop a three-dimensional numerical tool in finite elements, using the programming language "C" for the study of piled raft foundations, which was called Ferramenta Numérica para Análise de Fundações (FENF). The program was fully developed during the research period and contrasts the commercial software available at present for outputting the results that are necessary for the project, such as stresses, strains, shear and normal efforts, displacements, and bending moments in the block and the piles etc. In addition, along with the program, a search algorithm was developed which is capable of identifying the best combination of the height and length of the block and cross section of piles that result in a viable solution with the lowest cost. In order to do so, the software employs the linear elastic constitutive model for materials and represents them through finite three-dimensional isoparametric elements with eight nodes and linear interpolation functions for the displacement fields. During its development and after it was complete, the numerical tool has been successfully validated by comparing its results with those of other programs also in finite element or with analytical solutions of the Linear Theory of Elasticity. Two examples of application of FENF have been presented with Exhaustive Search Ordered, in which: one block with 16 and another with 36 piles, allowing us to evaluate the effectiveness of the program and compare its results with those predicted by the simplified manual method. It’s been noticed that the integrated treatment of the foundation system, considering it as a piled raft, allows us to obtain a more economical and safer project.