Desenvolvimento inicial de plantas de Bromelia reversacantha Mez. em diferentes substratos

• Autor(a) principal: Coutinho, Júlia dos Santos
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7856
• topic: Cerrado; Bromeliaceae; Cultivo protegido; Bromélia terrestre; Savana; Bromeliaceae; Protected cultivation; Terrestrial bromelia; FISIOLOGIA VEGETAL::REPRODUCAO VEGETAL

The Bromeliaceae family has plants that impress by their shapes, by the range of colors and varieties of flowers. Bromelia reversacantha, terrestrial plant, sandy soils and dry environments stands out among the bromeliad species native to the Savana with ornamental potential. Many commercialized species are derived from extractivism, and lack technical information regarding propagation and cultivation. One of the difficulties encountered by bromeliad growers is the determination of a suitable substrate for their development. The objective of this study was to evaluate the initial development of B. reversacantha plants grown in different substratum compositions. The experiment was conducted at the School of Agronomy of the Federal University of Goiás, in Goiânia, GO, from September 2015 to September 2016. The seedlings from the tissue culture were grown in black plastic pots (1.3 L), with 50% shading and micro sprinkler irrigation. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five treatments and thirty repetitions. The treatments were: subsoil + sand; subsoil + substrate commercial; commercial substrate + sand; subsoil + substrate commercial + sand; and commercial substrate, in equal proportions (v/v). During 365 days, at intervals of 30 days, the leaf length was determined, external and internal diameters of leaf rosette, number of whole leaves, green, dry and total, and coloring of leaves. At the end of the period, were also determined the length of the largest root, diameter of the stem, wider leaf width, leaf area, root volume, of fresh and dry matter of shoots and roots, longer leaf length and leaf analysis. Substrate analyzes were performed at the beginning and end of the evaluation period. At 90 days of cultivation, the length of the aerial part of the treatment plants subsoil + sand + commercial substrate was statistically superior to the other treatments. Substrate subsoil + commercial substrate provided higher number of whole leaves, larger number of dryleaves and higher averages for the length of the larger leaf. In general, there was no significant difference in leaf color. At 365 days of cultivation, the treatments did not induce a significant effect on the accumulation of fresh root matter mass, broad leaf width, root length, dry shoot mass and total leaf area. The soil treatment of subsoil + sand + commercial substrate showed the greatest mass accumulation of the dry matter of the aerial part, as well as of the roots. The treatment of subsoil + sand presented the smallest stem diameters, and lower averages for fresh root matter mass, root length, shoot dry matter mass and root volume. It is concluded that the initial seedling cultivation of B. reversacantha can be carried out in almost all the mixtures of substrates proposed in the present study, especially in the mixtures of subsoil + commercial substrate. It is not recommended to use the mixture of subsoil + sand for the initial development of plants of this species.