Micropropagação de Bambusa oldhamii Munro e biocaracterização de fungos endofíticos multifuncionais

• Autor(a) principal: Silveira, Andreia Alves da Costa
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/9031
• topic: Bambu in vitro; LED; Microrganismos bioestimulantes; Sistema fotomixotrófico; In vitro bamboo; Biostimulating microorganisms; Photomixotrophic system; CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA

In micropropagation, seedlings are produced in large scale with homogeneity, which can be potentiated with photomixotrophic systems, which improve the physiological quality of the seedlings. Endophytic fungi of bamboo have the potential of producing substances that can promote biofertilization and antagonism against pathogens. An example of application is antagonism against Magnaporhe oryzae, considered the main pathogen of rice. The objective of this work was to establish the micropropagation protocol of Bambusa oldhamii; besides characterizing endophytic fungi of this species, verify the biofertilizer potential in rice and potential antagonist against M. oryzae. Buds were inoculated in MS medium supplemented with 0.45 μM Tidiazuron-TDZ, 0.2% (w / v) PPM (Plant Preservative Mixture) and 50 mg L-1 kanamycin. The treatments consisted of: different months of collection (March-December 2016) x types of cap (heterotrophic and photomixotrophic system) x luminous conditions (100% blue (455nm), 100% red (630nm), 30% blue + 70% For the multiplication, shoots were inoculated in MS medium + 2.27 μM TDZ or 3.40 μM Paclobutrazol - PBZ. The fungal isolates that were observed in the in vitro culture were identified and characterized biochemically, besides antagonism to M. oryzae and microbiolization of rice seeds, June and July were constituted in the best months of collection, and the climatic variables that most interfered in the morphogenesis were minimum temperature and compensated mean. Photomixotrophic system was superior in the multiplication with TDZ, with increase of 59.51% in 30% blue + 70% red, 70.80% in 30% red + 7 0% blue, and 50.49% in white fluorescent lights. PBZ was higher in carotenoid production, with a mean of 128.02 μg / mL in blue light and conventional lids. TDZ was higher than PBZ when blue was not present. Five potential fungal isolates were identified, 29 (Acrocalymma sp.), 122 (Botryobambusa fusicoccum) 711 (Phoma sp.), 712 (Phoma sp.) And 27 (Arthrinium marii) isolates 711, 712, 27 and 29 produced PPO. The isolate 29 produced higher amounts of AIA, with 31.55 mg / mL on the fourth day. It was observed a reduction of mycelial growth of M. oryzae by all isolates, with emphasis on isolate 122. Isolate 711 presented phosphate solubilization, and higher mean shoot length, fresh and dry mass in rice microbiolization. An efficient micropropagation protocol of B. oldhamii using a photomixotrophic system with 30% blue + 70% red LEDs could be established, as well as the identification of a fungal isolate promising for biofertilization, which could be the basis for new studies with rooting of B. oldhamii and promotion of growth in newly acclimatized species.