Análise de metodologias para determinação da velocidade e atenuação acústica de materiais poliméricos por ultrassom pulso-eco

• Autor(a) principal: Almeida, Gilyane Oliveira Leão
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/10233
• topic: Ultrassom; Pulso-eco; Velocidade do som; Coeficiente de atenuação; Pulse-echo; Speed of sound; Attenuation coefficient; Ultrasound; ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA ELETRICA

Sound speed and attenuation coefficient are widely used in the definition of elastic constants, material characterization, differentiation between biological tissues, disease diagnosis, among others. However, due to the viscoelastic and dispersive characteristics, in many of these materials the phase velocity of the wave is not always equal to the group velocity. Thus, depending on the test methodology employed, the estimated values ​​of these quantities change. Thus, the analysis of ultrasound tests can elucidate any existing divergences. Furthermore, the use of automated data acquisition and analysis methods can contribute to the reduction of measurement uncertainties and enable the evaluation of irregular samples. The precise characterization of these acoustic properties is extremely relevant for industry and medicine, as it contributes to the development of materials with better physical properties, as well as increasing diagnostic accuracy between healthy and abnormal tissues. In this work we analyzed pulse-echo ultrasound test methodologies for sound velocity determination and attenuation coefficient in agar-gel, paraffin oil and glycerin samples. Experiments were performed in an acrylic acoustic tank with water. The medium temperature was monitored using a thermocouple system. The ultrasound transducer was held perpendicular to a reflective plate at a greater distance than the near field. The data collection procedure took place in three stages, for each type of sample studied. First, only the properties of water were evaluated. Then a sample of (25.40±0,67) mm in thickness, and finally another of (50.80±0,67) mm. Agar-gel samples were used to validate the measurement system. A custom computational routine was developed and employed to acquire and process signals automatically. Pearson's linear correlation coefficient of 0.78 indicated a low chance that the water used as a reference medium would influence the results of the samples. The thickness obtained with caliper and ultrasound was compatible, whose value was 0.013. The relative percentage error of acoustic velocity with the literature ranged from 0.056% to 0.080%. The automation of the test methods showed a progressive improvement in the determination coefficient, reaching its maximum value of 0.99. The phase velocity method showed higher accuracy compared to the ones that evaluated the group velocity. The quantities obtained automatically had the lowest uncertainties.