Impactos de sistemas de cultivo orgânico e convencional nos atributos de um latossolo do cerrado goiano

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Dias, Fabiane Pereira Machado
Data de Publicação: 2020
Tipo de documento: Tese
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
dARK ID: ark:/38995/001300000bntk
Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/10502
Resumo: The expansion of agriculture in the Brazilian Cerrado occurs at the expense of an accelerated process of deforestation. In a scenario in which land use change corresponds to two thirds of the total greenhouse gas emissions, however, it is possible to manage them in order to maintain and/or increase C stocks in the soil in the most different management systems. Assuming that this change in land use causes changes in the natural cycle of nutrients and having organic matter as a key element in maintaining and improving soil structure, considering the productive potential of this important biome, this study sought to understand the mechanisms of inputs and outputs of organic matter in the soil and the dynamics of P in different management systems in the Cerrado region of Goias. The study was carried out at Fazenda Nossa Senhora Aparecida, located in the municipality of Hidrolândia-GO, in a Ferralsol with a sandy loam texture. The following management systems were evaluated: pasture, no-tillage, organic cultivation with different years of management (2, 6, 8 and 10 years) and a conventional production system. In addition, an area under native Cerrado (tropical savanna) was selected and used as a reference for balance in the comparative study. The soil samples were collected at 0.0-0.10; 0.10-0.20 and 0.20-0.40 m in depth, considering four repetitions. The differences between the management systems were evaluated statistically through the analysis of orthogonal contrasts and main components. In the first chapter, chemical attributes and fractions of soil organic matter were evaluated. In the second chapter, the contents and stocks of organic C and the soil C resilience index were analyzed. Finally, in the last chapter, the sequential fractionation of P was performed, obtaining the fractions of organic and inorganic P: P-H2O, P-NaHCO3, P-NaOH, P-HCl and residual P. The results showed that the Cerrado soils are highly dependent on the organic C dynamics of the soil. The conversion of the Cerrado into agricultural land decreases the chemical fertility of the soil, however, alternative systems that reduce soil preparation and increase organic inputs, such as organic cultivation and no-tillage, seem to be suitable options for agricultural activity in the Brazilian Cerrado. We also found that, clearly, agricultural systems that favor organic inputs and reduce soil disturbance are more efficient in recovering P availability in the soil. The conventional preparation promotes high losses of P, including most labile forms of P, associated with low inputs of organic matter and intense soil disturbance. On the other hand, organic farming shows a high potential for P recovery after the change in land use, favoring the predominance of labile and moderately labile P compartments. This positively affects the availability of P in Cerrado soils, where P fixation is one of the main factors attributed to the low exchangeable P content.
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spelling Leandro, Wilson Mozenahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9052207260053937Xavier, Francisco Alisson da Silvahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4983486732657101Silva Neto, Carlos de Melo eFernandes, Paulo MarcalBrasil, Eliana Paula FernandesOliveira Júnior, Juarez Patrício deLeandro, Wilson Mozenahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8333582262123259Dias, Fabiane Pereira Machado2020-04-08T10:42:10Z2020-03-25DIAS, F. P. M. Impactos de sistemas de cultivo orgânico e convencional nos atributos de um latossolo do cerrado goiano. 2020. 91 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2020.http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/10502ark:/38995/001300000bntkThe expansion of agriculture in the Brazilian Cerrado occurs at the expense of an accelerated process of deforestation. In a scenario in which land use change corresponds to two thirds of the total greenhouse gas emissions, however, it is possible to manage them in order to maintain and/or increase C stocks in the soil in the most different management systems. Assuming that this change in land use causes changes in the natural cycle of nutrients and having organic matter as a key element in maintaining and improving soil structure, considering the productive potential of this important biome, this study sought to understand the mechanisms of inputs and outputs of organic matter in the soil and the dynamics of P in different management systems in the Cerrado region of Goias. The study was carried out at Fazenda Nossa Senhora Aparecida, located in the municipality of Hidrolândia-GO, in a Ferralsol with a sandy loam texture. The following management systems were evaluated: pasture, no-tillage, organic cultivation with different years of management (2, 6, 8 and 10 years) and a conventional production system. In addition, an area under native Cerrado (tropical savanna) was selected and used as a reference for balance in the comparative study. The soil samples were collected at 0.0-0.10; 0.10-0.20 and 0.20-0.40 m in depth, considering four repetitions. The differences between the management systems were evaluated statistically through the analysis of orthogonal contrasts and main components. In the first chapter, chemical attributes and fractions of soil organic matter were evaluated. In the second chapter, the contents and stocks of organic C and the soil C resilience index were analyzed. Finally, in the last chapter, the sequential fractionation of P was performed, obtaining the fractions of organic and inorganic P: P-H2O, P-NaHCO3, P-NaOH, P-HCl and residual P. The results showed that the Cerrado soils are highly dependent on the organic C dynamics of the soil. The conversion of the Cerrado into agricultural land decreases the chemical fertility of the soil, however, alternative systems that reduce soil preparation and increase organic inputs, such as organic cultivation and no-tillage, seem to be suitable options for agricultural activity in the Brazilian Cerrado. We also found that, clearly, agricultural systems that favor organic inputs and reduce soil disturbance are more efficient in recovering P availability in the soil. The conventional preparation promotes high losses of P, including most labile forms of P, associated with low inputs of organic matter and intense soil disturbance. On the other hand, organic farming shows a high potential for P recovery after the change in land use, favoring the predominance of labile and moderately labile P compartments. This positively affects the availability of P in Cerrado soils, where P fixation is one of the main factors attributed to the low exchangeable P content.A expansão da agricultura no Cerrado brasileiro ocorre em detrimento de um acelerado processo de desmatamento. Num cenário em que a mudança de uso da terra corresponde a dois terços das emissões totais de gases de efeito estufa, contudo, é possível maneja-los de modo a manter e/ou aumentar os estoques de C no solo nos mais diferentes sistemas de manejo. Partindo do pressuposto de que essa mudança de uso da terra provoca alterações no ciclo natural dos nutrientes e tendo a matéria orgânica como elemento chave na manutenção e na melhoria da estrutura do solo, considerando o potencial produtivo deste importante bioma, esse estudo buscou compreender os mecanismos de aportes e saídas da matéria orgânica no solo e a dinâmica do P nos diferentes sistemas de manejo na região do Cerrado goiano. O estudo foi realizado na Fazenda Nossa Senhora Aparecida, localizada no município de Hidrolândia-GO, em um Latossolo Vermelho-amarelo de textura franco argilo arenosa. Foram avaliados os seguintes sistemas de manejo: pastagem, plantio direto, cultivo orgânico com diferentes anos de manejo (2, 6, 8 e 10 anos) e, um sistema de produção convencional. Além disso, uma área sob Cerrado nativo (savana tropical) foi selecionada e usada como referência de equilíbrio no estudo comparativo. As amostras de solo foram coletadas a 0,0-0,10; 0,10-0,20 e 0,20-0,40 m de profundidade, considerando quatro repetições. As diferenças entre os sistemas de manejo foram avaliadas estatisticamente por meio da análise de contrastes ortogonais e de componentes principais. No primeiro capítulo, foram avaliados os atributos químicos e as frações da matéria orgânica do solo. No segundo capítulo, analisou-se os teores e estoques de C orgânico e os índices de resiliência de C do solo. E por fim, no último capítulo realizou-se o fracionamento sequencial de P, obtendo-se as frações de P orgânico e inorgânico: P-H2O, P-NaHCO3, P-NaOH, P-HCl e P residual. Os resultados demonstraram que os solos do Cerrado são altamente dependentes da dinâmica do C orgânico do solo. A conversão do Cerrado em terras agrícolas diminui a fertilidade química do solo, no entanto, os sistemas alternativos que reduzem o preparo do solo e aumentam os insumos orgânicos, como o cultivo orgânico e o plantio direto, parecem ser opções adequadas para a atividade agrícola no Cerrado brasileiro. Descobrimos também que, claramente os sistemas agrícolas que favorecem os insumos orgânicos e reduzem a perturbação do solo são mais eficientes na recuperação da disponibilidade de P no solo. O preparo convencional promove altas perdas de P, incluindo a maioria das formas lábeis de P, associadas a baixos insumos de matéria orgânica e intensa perturbação do solo. Por outro lado, o cultivo orgânico mostra alto potencial de recuperação de P após a mudança no uso da terra, favorecendo a predominância de compartimentos de P lábil e moderadamente lábil. Isso afeta positivamente a disponibilidade de P em solos do Cerrado, onde a fixação de P é um dos principais fatores atribuídos ao baixo teor de P trocável.Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2020-04-07T15:02:11Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Fabiane Pereira Machado Dias - 2020.pdf: 2062988 bytes, checksum: 4053d303bfb9f466084b1afce4189b1d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2020-04-08T10:42:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Fabiane Pereira Machado Dias - 2020.pdf: 2062988 bytes, checksum: 4053d303bfb9f466084b1afce4189b1d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2020-04-08T10:42:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Fabiane Pereira Machado Dias - 2020.pdf: 2062988 bytes, checksum: 4053d303bfb9f466084b1afce4189b1d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-03-25Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPqapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de GoiásPrograma de Pós-graduação em Agronomia (EA)UFGBrasilEscola de Agronomia - EA (RG)http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessFracionamento de PSistema de plantio diretoMatéria orgânicaEstoque de CÍndice de manejoP fractionationNo-till systemOrganic matterC stockManagement indexAGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLOImpactos de sistemas de cultivo orgânico e convencional nos atributos de um latossolo do cerrado goianoImpacts of organic and conventional cultivation systems on the attributes of an oxisol in the cerrado of Goiásinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis-5756624928798959431600600600600-6046953723502374070-5919840527232375671-2555911436985713659reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFGinstname:Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG)instacron:UFGORIGINALTese - Fabiane Pereira Machado Dias - 2020.pdfTese - Fabiane Pereira Machado Dias - 2020.pdfapplication/pdf2062988http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/bitstreams/9011fa4c-c810-472b-b31d-09c3ef2217fe/download4053d303bfb9f466084b1afce4189b1dMD55LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; 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dc.title.eng.fl_str_mv Impactos de sistemas de cultivo orgânico e convencional nos atributos de um latossolo do cerrado goiano
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv Impacts of organic and conventional cultivation systems on the attributes of an oxisol in the cerrado of Goiás
title Impactos de sistemas de cultivo orgânico e convencional nos atributos de um latossolo do cerrado goiano
spellingShingle Impactos de sistemas de cultivo orgânico e convencional nos atributos de um latossolo do cerrado goiano
Dias, Fabiane Pereira Machado
Fracionamento de P
Sistema de plantio direto
Matéria orgânica
Estoque de C
Índice de manejo
P fractionation
No-till system
Organic matter
C stock
Management index
AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO
title_short Impactos de sistemas de cultivo orgânico e convencional nos atributos de um latossolo do cerrado goiano
title_full Impactos de sistemas de cultivo orgânico e convencional nos atributos de um latossolo do cerrado goiano
title_fullStr Impactos de sistemas de cultivo orgânico e convencional nos atributos de um latossolo do cerrado goiano
title_full_unstemmed Impactos de sistemas de cultivo orgânico e convencional nos atributos de um latossolo do cerrado goiano
title_sort Impactos de sistemas de cultivo orgânico e convencional nos atributos de um latossolo do cerrado goiano
author Dias, Fabiane Pereira Machado
author_facet Dias, Fabiane Pereira Machado
author_role author
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv Leandro, Wilson Mozena
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/9052207260053937
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv Xavier, Francisco Alisson da Silva
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/4983486732657101
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv Silva Neto, Carlos de Melo e
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv Fernandes, Paulo Marcal
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv Brasil, Eliana Paula Fernandes
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv Oliveira Júnior, Juarez Patrício de
dc.contributor.referee5.fl_str_mv Leandro, Wilson Mozena
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/8333582262123259
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Dias, Fabiane Pereira Machado
contributor_str_mv Leandro, Wilson Mozena
Xavier, Francisco Alisson da Silva
Silva Neto, Carlos de Melo e
Fernandes, Paulo Marcal
Brasil, Eliana Paula Fernandes
Oliveira Júnior, Juarez Patrício de
Leandro, Wilson Mozena
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Fracionamento de P
Sistema de plantio direto
Matéria orgânica
Estoque de C
Índice de manejo
P fractionation
No-till system
Organic matter
C stock
Management index
topic Fracionamento de P
Sistema de plantio direto
Matéria orgânica
Estoque de C
Índice de manejo
P fractionation
No-till system
Organic matter
C stock
Management index
AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO
description The expansion of agriculture in the Brazilian Cerrado occurs at the expense of an accelerated process of deforestation. In a scenario in which land use change corresponds to two thirds of the total greenhouse gas emissions, however, it is possible to manage them in order to maintain and/or increase C stocks in the soil in the most different management systems. Assuming that this change in land use causes changes in the natural cycle of nutrients and having organic matter as a key element in maintaining and improving soil structure, considering the productive potential of this important biome, this study sought to understand the mechanisms of inputs and outputs of organic matter in the soil and the dynamics of P in different management systems in the Cerrado region of Goias. The study was carried out at Fazenda Nossa Senhora Aparecida, located in the municipality of Hidrolândia-GO, in a Ferralsol with a sandy loam texture. The following management systems were evaluated: pasture, no-tillage, organic cultivation with different years of management (2, 6, 8 and 10 years) and a conventional production system. In addition, an area under native Cerrado (tropical savanna) was selected and used as a reference for balance in the comparative study. The soil samples were collected at 0.0-0.10; 0.10-0.20 and 0.20-0.40 m in depth, considering four repetitions. The differences between the management systems were evaluated statistically through the analysis of orthogonal contrasts and main components. In the first chapter, chemical attributes and fractions of soil organic matter were evaluated. In the second chapter, the contents and stocks of organic C and the soil C resilience index were analyzed. Finally, in the last chapter, the sequential fractionation of P was performed, obtaining the fractions of organic and inorganic P: P-H2O, P-NaHCO3, P-NaOH, P-HCl and residual P. The results showed that the Cerrado soils are highly dependent on the organic C dynamics of the soil. The conversion of the Cerrado into agricultural land decreases the chemical fertility of the soil, however, alternative systems that reduce soil preparation and increase organic inputs, such as organic cultivation and no-tillage, seem to be suitable options for agricultural activity in the Brazilian Cerrado. We also found that, clearly, agricultural systems that favor organic inputs and reduce soil disturbance are more efficient in recovering P availability in the soil. The conventional preparation promotes high losses of P, including most labile forms of P, associated with low inputs of organic matter and intense soil disturbance. On the other hand, organic farming shows a high potential for P recovery after the change in land use, favoring the predominance of labile and moderately labile P compartments. This positively affects the availability of P in Cerrado soils, where P fixation is one of the main factors attributed to the low exchangeable P content.
publishDate 2020
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2020-04-08T10:42:10Z
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2020-03-25
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
format doctoralThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv DIAS, F. P. M. Impactos de sistemas de cultivo orgânico e convencional nos atributos de um latossolo do cerrado goiano. 2020. 91 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2020.
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/10502
dc.identifier.dark.fl_str_mv ark:/38995/001300000bntk
identifier_str_mv DIAS, F. P. M. Impactos de sistemas de cultivo orgânico e convencional nos atributos de um latossolo do cerrado goiano. 2020. 91 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2020.
ark:/38995/001300000bntk
url http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/10502
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv por
language por
dc.relation.program.fl_str_mv -5756624928798959431
dc.relation.confidence.fl_str_mv 600
600
600
600
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