Avaliação de soluções de manejo de águas pluviais baseadas na natureza em loteamento urbano

• Autor(a) principal: Chagas, Isabela Moura
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/13191
• topic: Manejo de águas pluviais; Drenagem urbana; Drenagem urbana; SWMM; Simulação hidrológica; Stormwater management; Urban drainage; Hydrological simulation; ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA::SANEAMENTO AMBIENTAL

Worldwide urban growth is continuous, accompanied by an increase in impermeable areas. This results in a reduction of evapotranspiration and water infiltration capacity into the soil, leading to increased surface runoff and negatively impacting the environment and public health. Currently, nature-based stormwater management solutions seek to mitigate these negative impacts of urbanization. This study aimed to determine, through a hydrological model, the performance of these solutions in an urban development with a high percentage of impermeable area. Considering the literature review, municipal regulations, and design criteria, green roofs and cisterns were selected as nature-based solutions to be modeled using the SWMM software. The research was conducted in five stages, including literature review and selection of nature-based solutions, selection of the study area, acquisition of secondary data, evaluation of the hydrological performance of the proposed scenarios, and assessment of the impact on the conventional drainage system. The performance evaluation included selecting SWMM variables, designing the drainage network, analyzing input data, scenario development (isolated and combined techniques), SWMM application, and analysis and comparison of results. Ten simulations were carried out with different scenarios, including the implementation of isolated and combined techniques and variations in the degree of soil impermeability. The research investigated the behavior of green roofs and found that their implementation alone reduced surface runoff by 15.5% and peak runoff by 19.7%. The isolated cistern also contributed, but to a lesser extent, with a reduction of 8.5% in surface runoff and 4.3% in peak runoff. However, the combination of the two solutions showed a more effective synergy, achieving a reduction of 20.2% in surface runoff and 22.2% in peak runoff. The results also confirmed that the degree of impermeability of the soil is inversely related to its capacity to infiltrate rainwater.