Dinâmica da perda de solos no estado de Goiás entre 1985 - 2018

• Autor(a) principal: Rosa, Lucas Espíndola
• Data de Publicação: 2022
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/12917
• topic: Modelagem; Denudação; Taxas erosivas; Morfogênese; Modeling; Denudation; Erosion rates; Morphogenesis; CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::GEOCIENCIAS::GEOGRAFIA FISICA::GEOECOLOGIA

Estimating soil loss on a regional scale has been performed using quantitative methods and has been consolidated with the expanded use of Geographic Information Systems. The method with greater acceptance and better results to estimate soil losses is the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), a deterministic mathematical model with a systemic approach which is based on analyzing the interaction between the parts; it comprises a complex entity, which in this specific case is the loss of soil. RUSLE is constituted by the formula: A=R.K.LS.CP; a synthesis of the consideration of erosivity, erodibility, the topographic factor and soil use and cover, and presents representative accuracy in measuring soil losses, mainly with respect to its topographical factor. The Cerrado constitutes one of the most relevant Brazilian biomes and has about 52% of its remaining vegetation, of which only 33% belong to the state of Goiás (a central state in the composition of the biome), while there is only 15% remaining vegetation in its southern portion. Therefore, the following question arises based on this deforestation data, namely: Would deforestation be a conditioning factor for the increase in soil losses/degradation, or do its intrinsic factors, such as the topography, condition them? This work is a thesis due to the novelty of the multiscale verification of RUSLE from different locations in slope scales, hydrographic basins to regions. This work presents results that the topographic factor (LS-factor) is one of the most relevant in the model, where the greatest loss areas in the state of Goiás are located by their topographic elevations, including: the Serra Dourada de Goiás, the Serra dos Pirineus and the front of the Caiapó cuesta, whose reversals are caused by agriculture and present lower losses, followed by cumulative losses towards river gutters when the slope breaks due to replacement of soil use and cover. Pastures were the areas with the highest losses in the state, but they are necessarily associated with high LS factors, which thus indicate conditioning of potential energy based on what was observed in a region called the Weak or Late Zone.