Segurança do paciente em uma unidade de hemodiálise: análise de eventos adversos

• Autor(a) principal: Sousa, Maiana Regina Gomes de
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• dARK ID: ark:/38995/00130000098k7
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4227
• topic: Segurança do paciente; Unidades hospitalares de hemodiálise; Qualidade da assistência a saúde; Erros médicos; Doença Iatrogênia; Patient Safety; Hemodialysis units hospital; Quality of health care; Latrogenic disease; Medical errors; CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM

INTRODUCTION: Health care comes accompanied with potential to cause adverse events (AE) and compromising patient safety. In hemodialysis units there are numerous risk factors that increase the potential of occurrence of these events, suggesting that the supply of safe care to this population presents some exclusive challenges, beyond generic questions of patient safety common to all health establishments. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the occurrence of AE related to hemodialysis treatment. METHODOLOGY: Sectional study, conducted in a hemodialysis unit of a teaching hospital of Goiás. Data collection occurred between March and September 2013, by analyzing the records of the evolution of the hemodialysis sessions, from medical records of patients attended between January and December, 2012 in the unit. Was used an instrument in which were transcribed information related to the patient, treatment and possible AE. Participated in the study 117 patients, all obeyed the inclusion criteria. The analysis of the records was conducted by one researcher and two external reviewers, independently. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 19.0 for Windows. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee and obeyed regulatory standards of Resolution 466/2012. RESULTS: Among the 117 patients who participated of the study, 60.7% were male, aged 01-89 years, mean 42 years, median 45 years; 79.5% had chronic renal failure; 21.4% had a diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy as primary renal disease and 4.3% had positive serology for hepatitis B. About the treatment 50.4% had 3.5 hours of session; 87.2% of patients received treatment three times a week and 56.4% had up to three months of treatment, with a median of 02 months. Of the total of 5,938 analyzed hemodialysis sessions was identified in 1,036 at least one record of AE in 94 patients, totaling 1,272 AE. The prevalence of AE per patient was 80.3% and the AE by hemodialysis session was 17.4%. The most prevalent AE were inadequate blood flow (40.6%), bleeding from the venous access (11.6%), infection/signs of infection (9.6%) and clotting in the extracorporeal system (7.1%). In relation to damage caused 76.1% were classified as mild, 22.9% as moderate, 0.9% as severe and 0.1% death. It was evident as an independent variable associated with the AE to be aged 43 years or more. Was found positive correlation between the number of AE per month and number of sessions per month, indicating that the greater the number of hemodialysis, greater the number of EA sessions. CONCLUSION: The investigation has identified a high prevalence of adverse events related to hemodialysis pointing out that there is need to review the care processes and develop actions to identify and control risk situations, as a way to establish more secures procedures and ensure the quality of care.