Uso do sensoriamento remoto para a estimativa da evapotranspiração atual e diagnóstico do manejo da irrigação da cultura do tomate industrial em Goiás

• Autor(a) principal: Sena, Carolina Carvalho Rocha
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• dARK ID: ark:/38995/001300000d3zs
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/11361
• topic: Solanum lycopersicum L.; Manejo da irrigação; Geoprocessamento; Landsat 8; Pivô central; Water management; Geoprocessing; Center pivot; CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO

The cultivation of processing tomatoes in Goiás is carried out during the dry season, making irrigation necessary, however, usually its management is carried out empirically, which can lead to errors due to excess or water deficit. Thus, monitoring current irrigation management, as well as improving knowledge about crop evapotranspiration, are fundamental practices to improve the sizing of new irrigation projects, the management of water resources and the management of irrigation. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the performance of the Simple Algorithm For Evapotranspiration Retrieving (SAFER) and Mapping Evapotranspiration at high Resolution using Internalized Calibration (METRIC) algorithms to estimate the current evapotranspiration (ETa) of processing tomatoes and to analyze the use of tomatoes of irrigation water for this crop in south-central Goiás. Both studies were carried out in nine areas where processing tomatoes irrigated by a central pivot, in Goiás, during 2018 and 2019. The study was divided into two stages: in the first stage, using images from the Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS, for estimation of ETa by SAFER and METRIC models comparing with ET obtained by FAO, Embrapa and soil water balance based on statistical indexes. The ETa of the processing tomato estimated by the algorithms throughout the cycle varied between 0.85 and 5.20 mm day-1, in general average. The SAFER model provided a better correlation with standard methods when compared to METRIC, with a correlation coefficient ranging from 0.64 to 0.99. The algorithms showed good statistical performance in the estimation of ETa in phases II and III of the processing tomato. The diagnosis of irrigation management indicated that in all the evaluated areas there were errors in irrigation management, when considering the total water applied in the cycle. The results showed that the water demands varied from 280.3 to 436.8 mm, in 109 to 129 days of cycle. The average error for excess water applied was 83.4 mm, representing 77.8% of the analyzed areas, and the deficit error was 39.3 mm, corresponding to 22.2% of the analyzed areas. The study also revealed that in all areas the irrigation was carried out at the wrong frequency, which may have caused the runoff of water on the soil surface. These results point to an incorrect management of irrigation in the production of processing tomatoes in Goiás.