Otimização multiobjetivo da operação de sistemas de distribuição de água com bombas de rotação variável

• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Layara de Paula Sousa
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• dARK ID: ark:/38995/0013000008p58
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7941
• topic: Otimização multiobjetivo; Bombas de rotação variável; Custo energético; Confiabilidade hidráulica; EPANET; Multiobjective optimization; Pumps of variable speed; Energy cost; Hydraulic reliability; EPANET; ENGENHARIA SANITARIA::RECURSOS HIDRICOS

Faced with urban population growth and the importance of water as a limited natural resource, there is a need to implement techniques to reduce the operational costs of water distribution systems and ensure adequate supply. The optimization of pump operation can be used to meet the demands of consumption with a lower energy cost, in addition to maximizing hydraulic reliability. In this work, a hybrid optimization / simulation model was developed based on the multiobjective genetic algorithms and the EPANET hydraulic simulator. The NSGA II (Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II) method was used to optimize the operation of variable rotation pumps, that is, the decision variables of the problem were the rotation of the pumps for each hour throughout the day. A modification of the original EPANET hydraulic simulator, which does not correctly compute the efficiency of variable-speed pumps, was employed so that the power of each pump, and consequently the cost of electric power, was calculated correctly. The representation of the system in the model was done by means of the configuration of the hypothetical network called ANYTOWN in the EPANET and implementation of the Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithm, determination of the penalty coefficients and determination of genetic parameters and operators (population, generation number, mutation probability and probability of recombination). The validity test of the developed model was obtained through simulations performed with the input data, including the patterns of variation of the speed of rotation of the pumps. Non-dominated solutions (Pareto Front) were obtained considering first the negative pressure penalty at the nodes and, subsequently, the negative pressure penalties at the nodes and the closure / shutdown of tubes and / or pumps. All points found represent optimal operating solutions for the system considering the period of the last 24 hours for calculating the objective functions. The results obtained for the two previously defined objectives demonstrate the effectiveness of the model, since mainly with adoption of penalty 2, presents adequate pressures at the nodes and adequate water level in the reservoir, with the consequent saving of electric energy and increased hydraulic reliability.