Os reflexos de intervenções de enfermagem sobre a adesão ao tratamento de pacientes hipertensos com pressão arterial não controlada

• Autor(a) principal: Chinem, Brunella Mendonça
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• dARK ID: ark:/38995/001300000d9kg
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7823
• topic: Hipertensão; Cooperação do paciente; Adesão ao tratamento; Conhecimento do paciente sobre a medicação; Educação em saúde; Hypertension; Patient cooperation; Adherence to treatment; Patient knowledge medication; Health education; CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::MEDICINA

Introduction: hypertension is a major public health problem. Among the difficulties of health professionals regarding this issue highlights the lack of patient adherence to treatment. The treatment and control of hypertension remain as challenges for health professionals, because compliance rates are still low. The nurse helps the patient hypertensive plan actions making the patient an active being in their treatment. Objective: to evaluate whether interventions can influence patient adherence to treatment and their perception of the disease and consequently in blood pressure control. Methods: this is a randomized clinical trial, conducted in specialized service. We identified all those who were there more than a year without attending to any query and these were considered in situations of abandonment of service. It was also calculated the rate of blood pressure control. The study variables were: socio-demographic variables, blood pressure values, number of antihypertensive use, lifestyle, risk factors for cardiovascular disease, body mass index, time since diagnosis, treatment time, and treatment time the specialized service, pharmacological treatment and knowledge, beliefs and perceptions of patients about their treatment and their disease. To assess compliance, we applied the Morisky-Green Test for both groups. For the evaluation of the knowledge, beliefs and perceptions was applied Illness Perception Questionnaire. Two groups were randomly. The study group (SG) received interventions with weekly phone calls between queries and also consultations nursing after medical consultation. The control group (CG) remained in routine follow-up. Results: In 2011, the dropout rate in service was 6.4%, and in 2012 this rate was 11.0%. The rate of blood pressure control in 2011 was 73.9% and in 2012 was 61.7%. Those who had uncontrolled pressure had more patients in situations of low adherence (64.5%) than the group of controlled hypertensive (43.3%). After the intervention, a reduction in mean systolic blood pressure was higher in the SG than in the CG. In the end, there was no individual alcoholics in GE. The difference in the reduction of membership fees was 46.6% in the EG and 27.6% GC statistically significant (p < 0.05). Those who had a higher perception of personal control over the disease had greater adherence to pharmacological treatment. Conclusion: we found a low dropout service compared to other centers. This is reflected in the high rate of BP control. Non-adherence to treatment may explain the lack of BP control. The intervention performed by nursing altered rates of adherence to treatment and BP control, and also interfered in decreased intake of alcoholic beverages occasional. The group that participated in the intervention showed better understand about the chronicity of the disease and also about its consequences.