DIFFERENT AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON IRRIGATED COMMON BEAN (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) RESPONSE TO NITROGEN TOPDRESSING

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Corival Cândido da
• Data de Publicação: 2007
• Outros Autores: Silveira, Pedro Marques da
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical (Online)
• Texto Completo: https://revistas.ufg.br/pat/article/view/2868
• topic: Crop rotation; soil preparation; yield production; productivity; dry beans; Rotação de cultura; preparo do solo; componentes da produção; produtividade; feijão

In recent years emphasis has been placed upon the systemic approach of agricultural practices to increase food production. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) has demonstrated to be a suitable crop species as a component of several production systems as it has been shown on the irrigated areas of the Brazilian Central Region. However, general crop management techniques have to be adjusted as a function of the different crop systems available and nitrogen fertilization is one of those. To confirm this hypothesis, common bean response to nitrogen application was evaluated using cultivar Aporé under four different irrigated production systems using different crop rotations and soil management practices: A - bean-corn crop rotation, using moldboard plowing in the spring-summer (November/December) and harrowing in the autumn-winter (May-June) season; B – ricebean crop rotation and moldboard plowing only; C - rice/calopogonium-bean crop rotation and harrowing only; D – cornbean crop rotation using continuous no-tillage. Urea, used as the nitrogen source, was applied in topdressing using 0, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 kg.ha-1 of N. Field trials were conducted during the fallwinter season, in 1996 and 1997, in a distrofic Dark Red Latosol, at the experimental farm of Embrapa Rice & Beans. Treatment effects were detected on the number of pods per plant, 100 grain weight and grain yield. Higher yields were obtained for systems C and D in which there was less soil disturbance. In system C, the effect of different nitrogen doses fit in a quadratic model and 109 kg.ha-1, estimated by the regression equation, provided the highest grain yields. In system D the effect was linear indicating that the bean crop demanded more nitrogen under no-tillage. In systems A and B the effect of different nitrogen doses varied according to the year of cultivation. KEY-WORDS: Crop rotation; soil preparation; yield production; productivity; dry beans.