Caracterização farmacológica e avaliação da atividade gastroprotetora do extrato etanólico das folhas de Celtis iguanaea (JACQ.) Sargent (Ulmaceae) - Esporão-de-galo

• Autor(a) principal: Sousa, Fábio Borges de
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/9841
• topic: Esporão-de-galo; Celtis iguanaea; Plantas medicinais; Gastrites; Úlceras gástricas; Gastroproteção; Celtis iguanaea; Medicinal plants; Gastritis; Gastric ulcers; Gastroprotection.; FARMACIA::ANALISE E CONTROLE E MEDICAMENTOS

Celtis iguanaea (Jacq.) Sargent is a small postage plant, it has very flexible branches, armed with spines. The tea obtained through it leaves is popularly used for body pain, rheumatism, chest pain, asthma, cramps, poor digestion and as diuretic. In this study, we evaluated the leaves of Celtis iguanaea, which were collected in Hidrolândia-GO, dried in an ethanolic extract of esporão-de-galo (EEEG). The EEEG was dissolved in water and fractionated by successive liquid-liquid partition with hexane (FH), dichloromethane (FD), ethyl acetate (FAcE) and the aqueous phase (EA). The animals used were Swiss Mice (male, adults, weighing 35–40 mg/kg). After the pharmacological screening, the animals were subjected to analysis of treatment effects with EEEG (100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg p.o.) on the central nervous system (CNS) through the open-field test, “rota-rod” test, and sleep induction by pentobarbital. To evaluate the effects on the gastrointestinal tract, the animals were orally pre-treated with ethanolic extract of esporão-de-galo (EEEG 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg), vehicle (10 mL/kg) or ranitidine (50 mg/kg) before induction of gastric lesions by indomethacin (30 mg/kg - s. c.), ethanol 75 % (v/v), and stress by contention and hypothermia, and treated intraduodenally in the model of gastric lesions induced by pyloric ligation. The effects of the extract on the volume, pH and total acidity of gastric secretion were evaluated by pyloric ligation method. We also tested if the EEEG and fractions affected the intestinal transit and gastric emptying by the methods of activated charcoal and phenol-red respectively. The hexane fraction (FH 180 mg/kg), dichloromethane fraction (FD 9 mg/kg), ethyl acetate fraction (FAcE 16 mg/kg) and aqueous fraction (FA 360 mg/kg), administered orally, were tested in model of induction of lesions by indomethacin (30 mg/kg s.c.), to elucidate the active fractions of the extract. After determining the active fraction, it was tested in different doses to establish the dose-dependent relationship. A possible action on the intestinal transit was also evaluated. In the evaluation of the EEEG on CNS, we didn’t found any evidence of activity on this system. In models of lesion induction by different ulcerogenic agents (indomethacin, ethanol, stress and pyloric ligation) using EEEG at doses of 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg, was observed a significant reduction in both the number of ulcers and in the lesions rate caused by these agents. By intraduodenal administration in the model of pyloric ligation, we evaluated volume, free acidity and total acidity, and the animals treated with the EEEG had a reduction in volume, free acidity and total acidity. Only the hexane fraction (FH) showed gastroprotective activity, being effective reducing the number of ulcers and the lesions rate. When we evaluated the parameters of gastric secretion with this fraction (FH), we observed a decrease in volume, increase in pH and decrease in total acidity. Both EEEG and its hexane fraction didn’t alter intestinal motility or gastric emptying. The results of this study suggest that the EEEG has a gastroprotective activity, and this activity involves the active ingredients of the plant with systemic activity, which may justify the popular use of Celtis iguanaea for the treatment of gastritis and gastric ulcers.