Carvão ativado de resíduos de Tectona grandis
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2015 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFLA |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufla.br/jspui/handle/1/9807 |
Resumo: | The activated carbon is an adsorbent material used in various procedures such as treatment of liquid and gaseous effluents, purification, discoloration, etc; in pharmaceutical, food, paint, paper and cellulose, polymers, among other industries. These adsorbents may be made from different carboniferous material such as agricultural and forest residues. In this study, the activated carbon was produced from thin trunks, branches, and antlers of Tectona grandis (teak); and forest residues generated in large volume. Chemical activation was carried out using ZnCl2, NaCl and CuSO4, and physical activation was performed using CO2. Teak residues were characterized in relation to contents of lignin, holocellulose, ash and extractives; basic density, elemental analysis (CHNS-O), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The activated carbon was characterized by CHNS-O, TGA and FTIR, surface functional groups analysis, and surface area analysis. In addition, it was tested in relation to contaminants adsorption capacity in aqueous solution such as methylene blue, phenol, and Cr+6 ions. The elemental analysis resulted in the increase of carbon content, and in the reduction of content of oxygen and hydrogen, after pyrolysis and activation. The thermogravimetric analysis resulted in greater thermal stability of activated carbon than of forest residues. The IR spectroscopy confirmed the material carbonization. The chemical activation with ZnCl2 (CA_ZnCl2) showed predominantly microporous aspect and greater surface area, while the physical activation showed mesoporous aspect. Beyond this, the CA_ZnCl2 was more effective in the adsorption of methylene blue and phenol. The adsorption of Cr+6 was not effective for none of activated carbons. The carbon activated with CuSO4 showed functional groups very different from other reagents-based activation, however, was not successful for adsorption. Besides, the carbon activation with CO2 was the second best in relation to adsorption performance and gravimetric income, while the carbon activation with NaCl showed good phenol adsorption capacity. |
id |
UFLA_5bc14addd874a883b08fbaa708572e46 |
---|---|
oai_identifier_str |
oai:localhost:1/9807 |
network_acronym_str |
UFLA |
network_name_str |
Repositório Institucional da UFLA |
repository_id_str |
|
spelling |
Carvão ativado de resíduos de Tectona grandisAtivação químicaAdsorventesAdsorbentsResiduo florestalForest wasteRecursos Florestais e Engenharia FlorestalThe activated carbon is an adsorbent material used in various procedures such as treatment of liquid and gaseous effluents, purification, discoloration, etc; in pharmaceutical, food, paint, paper and cellulose, polymers, among other industries. These adsorbents may be made from different carboniferous material such as agricultural and forest residues. In this study, the activated carbon was produced from thin trunks, branches, and antlers of Tectona grandis (teak); and forest residues generated in large volume. Chemical activation was carried out using ZnCl2, NaCl and CuSO4, and physical activation was performed using CO2. Teak residues were characterized in relation to contents of lignin, holocellulose, ash and extractives; basic density, elemental analysis (CHNS-O), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The activated carbon was characterized by CHNS-O, TGA and FTIR, surface functional groups analysis, and surface area analysis. In addition, it was tested in relation to contaminants adsorption capacity in aqueous solution such as methylene blue, phenol, and Cr+6 ions. The elemental analysis resulted in the increase of carbon content, and in the reduction of content of oxygen and hydrogen, after pyrolysis and activation. The thermogravimetric analysis resulted in greater thermal stability of activated carbon than of forest residues. The IR spectroscopy confirmed the material carbonization. The chemical activation with ZnCl2 (CA_ZnCl2) showed predominantly microporous aspect and greater surface area, while the physical activation showed mesoporous aspect. Beyond this, the CA_ZnCl2 was more effective in the adsorption of methylene blue and phenol. The adsorption of Cr+6 was not effective for none of activated carbons. The carbon activated with CuSO4 showed functional groups very different from other reagents-based activation, however, was not successful for adsorption. Besides, the carbon activation with CO2 was the second best in relation to adsorption performance and gravimetric income, while the carbon activation with NaCl showed good phenol adsorption capacity.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)O carvão ativado é um material adsorvente utilizado no tratamento de efluentes líquidos e gasosos, purificação, descoloração, etc. É utilizado em diversos procedimentos nas indústrias farmacêuticas, alimentícias, de tintas, de papel e celulose, de polímeros, dentre outras. Esses adsorventes podem ser produzidos a partir de diferentes materiais carbonáceos, como resíduos agrícolas e florestais. Neste estudo, carvões ativados foram produzidos a partir de troncos finos, galhos e galhadas de Tectona grandis (teca), resíduo florestal gerado em grande volume. Foram realizadas ativação química com ZnCl2, NaCl e CuSO4 e ativação física com CO2. Os resíduos de teca foram caracterizados quanto ao teor de lignina, teor de holoceluloses, teor de cinzas, teor de extrativos, densidade básica, análise elementar (CHNS-O), análise termogravimétrica (TGA) e espectroscopia na região do infravermelho (FTIR). Os carvões ativados foram caracterizados por CHNS-O, TGA, FTIR, além de análise dos grupos funcionais superficiais (Boehm) e análise de área superficial. Foram também testados quanto à capacidade de adsorção de contaminantes em meio aquoso como azul de metileno (AM), fenol e íons Cr+6. Pela análise de CHNS-O, verificou-se o aumento dos teores de carbono e a diminuição dos teores de oxigênio e hidrogênio, após a pirólise e ativação. Pela análise de TGA, observou-se a maior estabilidade térmica dos carvões ativados em relação ao resíduo. As análises de FTIR confirmaram a carbonização dos materiais. O carvão ativado quimicamente com ZnCl2 (CA_ZnCl2) apresentou natureza predominantemente microporosa e maior área superficial, enquanto o ativado fisicamente, natureza mesoporosa. O (CA_ZnCl2) foi mais efetivo na adsorção de AM e fenol. A adsorção de Cr+6 não foi efetiva para nenhum dos carvões ativados produzidos. O CA_CuSO4 apresentou grupos funcionais bem diferentes dos outros CAs, porém não obteve bons resultados nas adsorção dos adsorvatos testados. Já o CA_CO2 foi o segundo com melhor performance de adsorção e com alto rendimento gravimétrico e o CA_NaCl obteve boa capacidade de adsorção para a molécula de fenol.Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia da MadeiraUFLAbrasilDepartamento de Ciências FlorestaisBianchi, Maria LúciaCalegário, NatalinoSoares, Vássia CarvalhoLima, Rafaeli Valerio de2015-08-24T14:13:50Z2015-08-24T14:13:50Z2015-08-242015-04-10info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfLIMA, R. V. de. Carvão ativado de resíduos de Tectona grandis. 2015. 103 p. Dissertação( Mestrado em Ciência e Tecnologia da Madeira) - Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, 2015.http://repositorio.ufla.br/jspui/handle/1/9807porinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFLAinstname:Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA)instacron:UFLA2023-05-10T18:31:31Zoai:localhost:1/9807Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.ufla.br/oai/requestnivaldo@ufla.br || repositorio.biblioteca@ufla.bropendoar:2023-05-10T18:31:31Repositório Institucional da UFLA - Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Carvão ativado de resíduos de Tectona grandis |
title |
Carvão ativado de resíduos de Tectona grandis |
spellingShingle |
Carvão ativado de resíduos de Tectona grandis Lima, Rafaeli Valerio de Ativação química Adsorventes Adsorbents Residuo florestal Forest waste Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal |
title_short |
Carvão ativado de resíduos de Tectona grandis |
title_full |
Carvão ativado de resíduos de Tectona grandis |
title_fullStr |
Carvão ativado de resíduos de Tectona grandis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Carvão ativado de resíduos de Tectona grandis |
title_sort |
Carvão ativado de resíduos de Tectona grandis |
author |
Lima, Rafaeli Valerio de |
author_facet |
Lima, Rafaeli Valerio de |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Bianchi, Maria Lúcia Calegário, Natalino Soares, Vássia Carvalho |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Lima, Rafaeli Valerio de |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Ativação química Adsorventes Adsorbents Residuo florestal Forest waste Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal |
topic |
Ativação química Adsorventes Adsorbents Residuo florestal Forest waste Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal |
description |
The activated carbon is an adsorbent material used in various procedures such as treatment of liquid and gaseous effluents, purification, discoloration, etc; in pharmaceutical, food, paint, paper and cellulose, polymers, among other industries. These adsorbents may be made from different carboniferous material such as agricultural and forest residues. In this study, the activated carbon was produced from thin trunks, branches, and antlers of Tectona grandis (teak); and forest residues generated in large volume. Chemical activation was carried out using ZnCl2, NaCl and CuSO4, and physical activation was performed using CO2. Teak residues were characterized in relation to contents of lignin, holocellulose, ash and extractives; basic density, elemental analysis (CHNS-O), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The activated carbon was characterized by CHNS-O, TGA and FTIR, surface functional groups analysis, and surface area analysis. In addition, it was tested in relation to contaminants adsorption capacity in aqueous solution such as methylene blue, phenol, and Cr+6 ions. The elemental analysis resulted in the increase of carbon content, and in the reduction of content of oxygen and hydrogen, after pyrolysis and activation. The thermogravimetric analysis resulted in greater thermal stability of activated carbon than of forest residues. The IR spectroscopy confirmed the material carbonization. The chemical activation with ZnCl2 (CA_ZnCl2) showed predominantly microporous aspect and greater surface area, while the physical activation showed mesoporous aspect. Beyond this, the CA_ZnCl2 was more effective in the adsorption of methylene blue and phenol. The adsorption of Cr+6 was not effective for none of activated carbons. The carbon activated with CuSO4 showed functional groups very different from other reagents-based activation, however, was not successful for adsorption. Besides, the carbon activation with CO2 was the second best in relation to adsorption performance and gravimetric income, while the carbon activation with NaCl showed good phenol adsorption capacity. |
publishDate |
2015 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2015-08-24T14:13:50Z 2015-08-24T14:13:50Z 2015-08-24 2015-04-10 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
LIMA, R. V. de. Carvão ativado de resíduos de Tectona grandis. 2015. 103 p. Dissertação( Mestrado em Ciência e Tecnologia da Madeira) - Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, 2015. http://repositorio.ufla.br/jspui/handle/1/9807 |
identifier_str_mv |
LIMA, R. V. de. Carvão ativado de resíduos de Tectona grandis. 2015. 103 p. Dissertação( Mestrado em Ciência e Tecnologia da Madeira) - Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, 2015. |
url |
http://repositorio.ufla.br/jspui/handle/1/9807 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia da Madeira UFLA brasil Departamento de Ciências Florestais |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia da Madeira UFLA brasil Departamento de Ciências Florestais |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFLA instname:Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA) instacron:UFLA |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA) |
instacron_str |
UFLA |
institution |
UFLA |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UFLA |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UFLA |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UFLA - Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
nivaldo@ufla.br || repositorio.biblioteca@ufla.br |
_version_ |
1807835204948066304 |