INVESTIGAÇÃO DO EFEITO DO EXTRATO HIDROALCOÓLICO DE Azadirachta indica A. Juss SOBRE PARÂMETROS COMPORTAMENTAIS, COGNITIVOS E MOTORES EM RATOS COM SÍNDROME METABÓLICA INDUZIDA POR DIETA RICA EM SACAROSE.

• Autor(a) principal: SANTOS, Thaiane Coelho dos
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFMA
• Texto Completo: https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/tede/2389
• topic: Azadirachta indica A. Juss; Síndrome Metabólica; Dieta rica em sacarose; Azadirachta indica A. Juss; Metabolic syndrome; High sucrose diet; Saúde Publica.

Background: The excessive consumption of added sugars directly contributes to the epidemic Metabolic Syndrome (MS), which is associated with late-in- life cognitive decline, neurobehavioral changes and severe motor impairment. In order to prevent these damages, complementary therapies, including several medicinal plants, have been extensively investigated. In this context, we hypothesized that the hydroethanolic extract of Azadirachta indica leaf (HEAL), whose chemical composition confers it hypoglycemic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, has the potential to delay or prevent metabolic, cognition, behavioral and motor deficits in MS rats. Methods: Weaned Wistar rats were randomized into 2 groups: Control (CTR), fed a standard chow, and High-Sucrose Diet (HSD), fed a high-sucrose diet. At 150 days of life, each group was split into 2 new groups, resulting in 4 groups: CTR, CTR-T, HSD and HSD-T, where T means those animals were orally treated with (300 mg/Kg/day) for 30 days, meanwhile their controls received tap water (1 mL/Kg/day). At the end of the treatment, morphometric profile (body weight, fat deposition, Lee index, food intake), insulin resistance (TyG), cognition (Morris water maze test), motor (rotarod) and behavioral parameters (forced swimming) were assessed. Results: HSD induced a MS phenotype, which was characterized by central obesity, hypertriglyceridemia and insulin resistance. HSD animals also showed significant motor deficit without cognitive impairment. HEAL treatment promoted significant reduction of periepididymal, mesenteric, retroperitoneal fat pads, as well as attenuated hypertriglyceridemia of HSD-T animals, meanwhile no effect was observed in CTR-T group. Notwithstanding, HEAL treatment completely restored the performance of HSD-T rats on rotarod, suggesting an neuromotor protective effect. Conclusions: This study reinforces that childhood consumption of high-sucrose diet leads to late-in-life metabolic alterations in parallel with severe motor damage. The treatment with HEAL promoted lipolytic activity, attenuation of hypertriglyceridemia as well as significant neuromotor protection. In part, these biological actions are attributed to the mixture of polyphenols found in the leaf of A. indica, supporting the use of this plant species as a complementary therapeutic tool.