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Sônia Lanskyhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5416870424580790Raquel Zanatta Coutinhohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0432825836089426Denise Yoshie NiyElza Machado de MeloNagela Cristine Pinheiro Santoshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5047128688976656Fabiana Ferreira Guimarães2024-01-26T11:50:02Z2024-01-26T11:50:02Z2021-11-30http://hdl.handle.net/1843/63404https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3105-1068A violência obstétrica (VO) é uma violência de gênero, multidimensional e com raízes estruturais que atinge mulheres em todos os continentes do mundo e consiste em barreira de acesso à assistência obstétrica de qualidade. Esta pesquisa primária acerca da assistência obstétrica em Belo Horizonte direciona o olhar à violência que ocorre durante o pré-natal e parto com o objetivo de analisar a sua prevalência e a percepção das mulheres em Belo Horizonte. Participaram da pesquisa 851 mulheres, entre 19 e 47 anos, respondendo ao questionário programado na plataforma LimeSurvey, hospedado na UFMG, anônimo, online, autoaplicado, divulgado pelas redes digitais (sociais, e-mails institucionais, reportagens) e que tiveram parto em Belo Horizonte, entre 1 de janeiro de 2018 e 30 de abril de 2021. Foi utilizado o software Stata 12 para realizar análises da distribuição de frequência e bivariadas com aplicação do teste Quiquadrado de Pearson para verificar associações entre variáveis sociodemográficas, da gestação, do parto e da assistência com a percepção espontânea das mulheres sobre a violência obstétrica. Assim como análise dos relatos de VO após estímulo e utilizando de marcadores assistenciais de violência com a percepção espontânea das mulheres sobre a violência obstétrica, sendo possível observar a violência obstétrica não nomeada ou identificada como VO pelas mulheres, chamada no estudo VO oculta. Entre as variáveis associadas à percepção de VO se destacaram ser preta, não hetero, primípara, desejar o parto vaginal, não ter o bebê que nasceu bem em contato pele a pele e o tipo de financiamento do parto. A maior parte das mulheres do estudo era branca (63%), com alta escolaridade (92%) e usuárias da saúde suplementar (84%). A proporção de VO relatada espontaneamente no parto foi de 18% para usuárias exclusivas da saúde suplementar, 11,87% para usuárias exclusivas do SUS e de 6,25% para mulheres que fizeram pagamento particular. A VO no pré-natal foi de 70,86%, no parto foi de 73,33%, no pré-natal e parto foi de 58,05%, a VO total 86,14%, perfazendo apenas 13,86% de mulheres livres de violência. A violência obstétrica oculta no pré-natal foi de 85,76% e a violência obstétrica oculta no parto foi de 82,44%. Conclui-se que a VO é uma ocorrência ainda frequente na prática assistencial no pré-natal e no parto, que fere os direitos humanos das mulheres, dificulta o acesso a uma assistência obstétrica de qualidade e possui alta prevalência entre as mulheres pesquisadas. É um fenômeno pouco identificado, mesmo entre mulheres com elevada escolaridade, usuárias da saúde suplementar e brancas, população predominante na pesquisa. Estudos posteriores podem contribuir para a compreensão da VO em Belo Horizonte e em outros contextos, sobretudo entre mulheres usuárias do sistema público de saúde.Obstetric violence (OV) is a gender-based, multidimensional violence with structural roots that affects women on all continents of the world and is a barrier to accessing quality obstetric care. This primary research on obstetric care in Belo Horizonte focuses on the violence that occurs during prenatal care and childbirth in order to analyze its prevalence and the perception of women in Belo Horizonte. A total of 851 women between 19 and 47 years old participated in the research, answering the programmed questionnaire on the LimeSurvey platform, hosted at UFMG, anonymous, online, self-applied, disseminated by digital networks (social, institutional emails, reports) and who had childbirth in Belo Horizonte, between January 1, 2018 and April 30, 2021. The Stata 12 software was used to perform frequency distribution and bivariate analysis using Pearson's chi-square test to verify associations between sociodemographic, pregnancy, childbirth and assistance with the spontaneous perception of women about obstetric violence. As well as the analysis of OV reports after stimulation and using care markers of violence with the spontaneous perception of women about obstetric violence, making it possible to observe obstetric violence not named or identified like OV by women, called in the study hidden OV. Among the variables associated with the perception of OV, the most important were being black, not straight, primiparous, wanting a vaginal birth, not having a baby who was born well in skin-to-skin contact, and the type of financing for the birth. Most women were white (63%), with high education (92%) and users of supplementary health (84%). The proportion of OV reported at childbirth was 18% for exclusive users of supplementary health, 11.87% for exclusive users of the SUS and 6.25% for women who made private payments. The OV in prenatal care was 70.86%, in childbirth it was 73.33% and in prenatal care and delivery it was 58.05%. The total OV was 86.14%, accounting for only 13.86% of women free from violence. Hidden obstetric violence during prenatal care was 85.76% and hidden obstetric violence during childbirth was 82.44%. It is concluded that OV is still a frequent occurrence in care practice in prenatal care and childbirth, which violates the human rights of women, hinders access to quality obstetric care and has a high prevalence among the women surveyed. It is a little-noticed phenomenon, even among women with a high level of education, users of supplementary health and whites, the predominant population in the research. Further studies can help to understand OV in Belo Horizonte and in other contexts, especially among women users of the public health system.porUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Promoção de Saúde e Prevenção da ViolênciaUFMGBrasilMED - DEPARTAMENTO DE MEDICINA PREVENTIVA SOCIALhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/pt/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessViolência ObstétricaCuidado Pré-NatalParto HumanizadoPartoSaúde Suplementarviolência obstétricacuidado pré-natalparto humanizadopartoViolência obstétrica durante a assistênica pré-natal e parto em Belo Horizonte, BrasilObstetric violence during prenatal care and childbirth in Belo Horizonte, Brazilinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFMGinstname:Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)instacron:UFMGORIGINALViolênciaobstétricaduranteaassistênciapré-natalepartoembelohorizonte,Brasil.pdfViolênciaobstétricaduranteaassistênciapré-natalepartoembelohorizonte,Brasil.pdfapplication/pdf8940089https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/63404/1/Viol%c3%aanciaobst%c3%a9tricaduranteaassist%c3%aanciapr%c3%a9-natalepartoembelohorizonte%2cBrasil.pdfd25cee86fa162473608dfab2938185d4MD51CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8811https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/63404/2/license_rdfcfd6801dba008cb6adbd9838b81582abMD52LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-82118https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/63404/3/license.txtcda590c95a0b51b4d15f60c9642ca272MD531843/634042024-01-26 08:50:03.298oai:repositorio.ufmg.br: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ório InstitucionalPUBhttps://repositorio.ufmg.br/oaiopendoar:2024-01-26T11:50:03Repositório Institucional da UFMG - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)false
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