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Miriam Campolina Diniz Peixotohttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4763387Y3&tokenCaptchar=03AD1IbLDeqLwt0Do5lJOcindDPVYBAFEjleLBmPo9ILGZvI2sx9OQM5urzzhBvQERgJu6H7YTU30Wk9_CRUX_-gHhGWTkqZSbhNMnCbMPVH50HgvNHpo0B6jqZ9xYQboSOjo1R-AKlO6dpPAZ9rt6Cr623wIkq-U19eR8bcWU5bOY3oLNfX_6Csu923CFOxVGdCOBQNtVjDwU6iUgvm9UB_EKIviAC0qO_z9YP01HvTYk_qbzDDIfZuoP0bLOs7KAMOzIiQdhX_qRIisoF1Y_AQpeffCcOQHT6oMtNSwcllmgNgfFke-G9XlpPdCwUhsz8A86YmdcKgIMsIkbdjc4MEE6aPntysP-bcY62XnkVVLUOxSWT06iiT-5NSpMon7WUn9kkGiomoKWugaPngCFfwF_72zr81nh4ip8OwN3ZLbVztTd1SyS926m_TbPk0GycwxUq1THgrD6qkvh15IfqeE9ciTtLnDe9hRt0u7QMrY5JRcvkh05fIPtp_-_zs2LMuBKmL8VTmNSo2BOLIHP5hIETGqVNk_xymvIpu3YCW9rYyUjaEwMCmAjW_tq5TxasYDKeoMu3S1gGvcTog4IltxaAAkc6hwPrQFernando Eduardo de Barros Rey PuenteIgor Mota MoriciCelso de Oliveira VieiraGislene Vale dos Santoshttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4453295P5&tokenCaptchar=03AD1IbLAMWUNJDNzzMOkkm3t9xusOfpoID__7q2-VKRJ6lMB9p7ztBmyuSkwxBYE9QFAj5HWO1JTR-eGVVBxIjsJ98hbdijsFqao77-vXsid-SA0m2w_0GCZ0ND6cDUZ8pPvIwK43ezduR6RN3vKOQqjUvgOMkATtXRXCKOJUKZRqwNmaQYIGdbfp9Krf4vcQ2nXP2khxajmL8sprZ97QZ3FOzSzZPtD8bJkq0KnI9RsQ72f-PySsjnJN897bvXVU6ajScrhfexH4qhp-92o3o2wogYAcfAWSwS4dUPQ7x8H6_f2fVw4MxFMWDROr4PxhvnPI6y-whO9fxWBe_oHcZQAQCs8pXwnwyfM97xgbNZJgkKXo81sZnUqM4Ao4k0t-RXacezMzenWgnkJridmNVcHsL48OcytVei24cz8pKqvnO1NiMesf09Lq6tLyzbbCOYi1oockl0_1yawR8eVhpLa5shsSEHq8iiy4le7gnN4UgUhPzXWC_ExKpSgjyn3s9tt-r3G3fxXtU5wpuQQ3184fi0p1vLDdcs0gp1YYs_hjS8w5W7adA-1_91DVoiEMtc3eoBEyoXdznquI9XyAowE9g6BU7CzrOgMarcos Roberto Damásio da Silva2023-02-20T20:19:10Z2023-02-20T20:19:10Z2022-07-22http://hdl.handle.net/1843/50240http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0719-8414A nossa pesquisa partiu da hipótese de que a atenção especial dada ao problema das senso-percepções (αἴσθησις) entre aqueles que por “primeiro filosofaram” (πρώτων φιλοσοφησάντων), permite reconhecer aí a emergência de uma reflexão de cunho gnosiológico, e que esta teria tido na filosofia de Demócrito o seu desenvolvimento mais significativo entre os primeiros pensadores. Uma chave para a interpretação da gnosiologia democrítea se encontra, a nosso ver, no âmbito do que estamos chamando, ainda que em sentido fraco, de sua ‘teoria da percepção’. Diferente do que pensaram alguns historiadores da filosofia, sua reflexão acerca dos limites dos sentidos não desemboca num ceticismo, mas antes num sensismo, o qual confere à percepção sensível o status de ‘dimensão positiva da aparência’ (φαινόμενον). O nosso intuito nesta tese é de evidenciar a natureza das senso-percepções (αἴσθησις) em Demócrito e sua importância no processo gnosiológico, o que ocorre mediante uma relação direta entre o senciente (αἰσθητής), configurado para receber os dados sensíveis e ajuizá-los e o perceptível (αἰσθητόν), um corpo composto que constitui o objeto da percepção do primeiro. A nossa tese está estruturada em três capítulos que se complementam dentro de uma sequência que parte da sua cosmologia para evidenciar, no âmbito de sua antropologia, a importância que aí ocupa sua investigação acerca dos sentidos e das sensações. Em um primeiro momento consideramos a cosmologia e fisiologia atomistas, examinando as noções de κόσμος e de φύσις, a natureza dos princípios, realidades não visíveis - os corpos simples (ἁπλᾶ σώματα)e indivisíveis (ἄτομα), de um lado, e o vazio (τὸ κενόν) de outro-, assim como a natureza das coisas que são, isto é, dos corpos compostos (τα συνθέτα), dos quais é possível a apreensão pelos sentidos. Em um segundo momento, estendemos e aprofundamos o exame do macrocosmo, focalizando o microcosmo humano. Dirigimos nossa atenção para a concepção atomista de natureza humana (ἀνθρωπίνη φύσις) e examinamos as noções de “corpo” (σκήνος) e de “alma” (ψυχή), e procuramos mostrar de que modo a natureza humana está naturalmente configurada para realizar as atividades da sensação e de intelecção. Enfim, em nosso último capítulo, examinamos as sensações, investigando sua natureza e o mecanismo através do qual elas se produzem, de modo a evidenciar a originalidade e o alcance da “teoria” democrítea da percepção. Para tanto, mostraremos como ela se articula na relação entre aqueles que seriam os polos entre os quais se dá o processo perceptivo, a saber o senciente e objeto perceptível, ou seja, os corpos compostos. Explicitaremos os resultados de sua investigação acerca da conformação dos “órgãos dos sentidos” (ὑποκειμένας αἰσθήσεις) e de como se dá neles, pela ação da alma, a produção de suas respectivas competências perceptivas.Our research started from the hypothesis that the special attention given to the problem of sense-perceptions (αἴσθησις) among those who “first philosophized” (πρώτων φιλοσοφησάντων), allows us to recognize among them the emergence of an gnosiological reflection, and that this would have Democritus' philosophy was the most significant development among early thinkers. A key to the interpretation of democritean epistemology lies, in our view, within the scope of what we are calling, albeit in a weak sense, a 'theory of perception'. Unlike what some historians of philosophy thought, his reflection on the limits of the senses does not lead to skepticism, but rather to a sensism, which gives sensitive perception the status of 'positive dimension of appearance' (φαινόμενον). It is important to highlight the nature of the sense-perceptions (αἴσθησις) in Democritus and its importance in the gnosiological process, which occurs through a direct relationship between the sentient (αἰσθητής), configured to receive sensitive data and judge them, and the perceptible (αἰσθητόν), a composite body that constitutes the object of perception of the first. Our thesis is structured in three chapters that complement each other within a sequence that starts from his cosmology to highlight, within the scope of his anthropology, the importance of his investigation of the senses and sensations. At first, we consider atomistic cosmology and physiology, examining the notions of κόσμος and φύσις, the nature of principles, non-visible realities - simple bodies (ἁπλᾶ σώματα) and indivisible (ἄτομα), on the one hand, and the void (τὸ κενόν) of another-, as well as the nature of things that are, that is, of composite bodies (τα συνθέτα), of which the apprehension through the senses is possible. In a second moment, we extend and deepen the examination of the macrocosm, focusing on the human microcosm. We direct our attention to the democritean conception of human nature (ἀνθρωπίνη φύσις) and examine the notions of “body” (σκήνος) and “soul” (ψυχή), and we try to show how human nature is naturally configured to carry out the activities of sensation and intellection. Finally, in our last chapter, we examine sensations, investigating their nature and the mechanism through which they are produced, in order to highlight the originality and scope of the democritean “theory” of perception. In order to do so, we will show how it is articulated in the relationship between those that would be the poles between which the perceptual process takes place, namely the sentient and the perceptible object, that is, the composite bodies. We will explain the results of his investigation about the conformation of the “organs of the senses” (ὑποκειμένας αἰσθήσεις) and how the production of their respective perceptual competences takes place in them, through the action of the soul.porUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisPrograma de Pós-Graduação em FilosofiaUFMGBrasilFAF - DEPARTAMENTO DE FILOSOFIAhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/pt/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessFilosofia - TesesFilosofia antiga - TesesDemócritoAlma - TesesDemócritoNatureza humanaCorpoAlmaÓrgãos dos sentidosObjetos sensíveisSensaçãoDa física dos átomos à percepção dos sentidos : os mundos, a humanidade e as percepções sensíveis em Demócritoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFMGinstname:Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)instacron:UFMGORIGINALTese_Marcos_Damasio - (Demócrito).pdfTese_Marcos_Damasio - (Demócrito).pdfapplication/pdf2646193https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/50240/1/Tese_Marcos_Damasio%20-%20%28Dem%c3%b3crito%29.pdf85e6635a12a964fe1f74b7b5ef62982fMD51CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8811https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/50240/2/license_rdfcfd6801dba008cb6adbd9838b81582abMD52LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-82118https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/50240/3/license.txtcda590c95a0b51b4d15f60c9642ca272MD531843/502402023-02-20 17:19:10.355oai:repositorio.ufmg.br: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ório InstitucionalPUBhttps://repositorio.ufmg.br/oaiopendoar:2023-02-20T20:19:10Repositório Institucional da UFMG - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)false
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