Trading deforestation-why the legality of forest-risk commodities is insufficient
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFMG |
Texto Completo: | https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac358d http://hdl.handle.net/1843/51986 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5256-3978 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3639-2101 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0161-6339 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8301-8529 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5091-6514 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1133-4837 |
Resumo: | Consumer countries and blocs, including the UK and the EU, are defining legal measures to tackle deforestation linked to commodity imports, potentially requiring imported goods to comply with the relevant producer countries’ land-use laws. Nonetheless, this measure is insufficient to address global deforestation. Using Brazil’s example of a key exporter of forest-risk commodities, here we show that it has ∼3.25 Mha of natural habitat (storing ∼152.8 million tons of potential CO2 emissions) at a high risk of legal deforestation until 2025. Additionally, the country’s legal framework is going through modifications to legalize agricultural production in illegally deforested areas. What was illegal may become legal shortly. Hence, a legality criterion adopted by consumer countries is insufficient to protect forests and other ecosystems and may worsen deforestation and conversion risks by incentivizing the weakening of social environmental protection by producer countries. |
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2023-04-14T20:15:41Z2023-04-14T20:15:41Z20211612https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac358d1748-9326http://hdl.handle.net/1843/51986https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5256-3978https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3639-2101https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0161-6339https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8301-8529https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5091-6514https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1133-4837Consumer countries and blocs, including the UK and the EU, are defining legal measures to tackle deforestation linked to commodity imports, potentially requiring imported goods to comply with the relevant producer countries’ land-use laws. Nonetheless, this measure is insufficient to address global deforestation. Using Brazil’s example of a key exporter of forest-risk commodities, here we show that it has ∼3.25 Mha of natural habitat (storing ∼152.8 million tons of potential CO2 emissions) at a high risk of legal deforestation until 2025. Additionally, the country’s legal framework is going through modifications to legalize agricultural production in illegally deforested areas. What was illegal may become legal shortly. Hence, a legality criterion adopted by consumer countries is insufficient to protect forests and other ecosystems and may worsen deforestation and conversion risks by incentivizing the weakening of social environmental protection by producer countries.Os países e blocos consumidores, incluindo o Reino Unido e a UE, estão definindo medidas legais para combater o desmatamento vinculado à importação de commodities, exigindo potencialmente que os produtos importados cumpram as leis de uso da terra dos países produtores relevantes. No entanto, esta medida é insuficiente para enfrentar o desmatamento global. Usando o exemplo do Brasil de um importante exportador de commodities com risco florestal, mostramos aqui que ele tem ∼3,25 Mha de habitat natural (armazenando ∼152,8 milhões de toneladas de emissões potenciais de CO2) com alto risco de desmatamento legal até 2025. Além disso, o marco legal passa por modificações para legalizar a produção agrícola em regiões áreas desmatadas ilegalmente . O que era ilegal pode se tornar legal em breve. Assim, um critério de legalidade adotado por países consumidores é insuficiente para proteger florestas e outros ecossistemas e pode agravar os riscos de desmatamento e conversão ao incentivar o enfraquecimento da proteção socioambiental por parte dos países produtores.Outra AgênciaengUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisUFMGBrasilENG - DEPARTAMENTO DE ENGENHARIA PRODUÇÃOEnvironmental research lettersOpções de commoditiesDesmatamentoDióxido de carbonoFlorestas - LegislaçãoCommodity supply-chainsTraded deforestationLegal CO2 emissionsBrazilian Forest CodeLegislation requirementsExport-driven agricultural expansionBold sustainability criteriaTrading deforestation-why the legality of forest-risk commodities is insufficientComércio de desmatamento – por que a legalidade das commodities com risco florestal é insuficienteinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttps://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ac358dTiago N P dos reisVinicius Guidotti de FariaGabriela Russo LopesGerd SparovekChristopher David WestRaoni Guerra Lucas RajãoMariana Napolitano FerreiraMarcelo M S ElviraRaul S T do Valleapplication/pdfinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFMGinstname:Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)instacron:UFMGLICENSELicense.txtLicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-82042https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/51986/1/License.txtfa505098d172de0bc8864fc1287ffe22MD51ORIGINALTrading deforestation—why the legality of forest-risk commodities is insufficient.pdfTrading deforestation—why the legality of forest-risk commodities is insufficient.pdfapplication/pdf860320https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/51986/2/Trading%20deforestation%e2%80%94why%20the%20legality%20of%20forest-risk%20commodities%20is%20insufficient.pdfa773d3f9286a8e601f77436e4e1099f4MD521843/519862023-04-14 17:15:41.607oai:repositorio.ufmg.br:1843/51986TElDRU7vv71BIERFIERJU1RSSUJVSe+/ve+/vU8gTu+/vU8tRVhDTFVTSVZBIERPIFJFUE9TSVTvv71SSU8gSU5TVElUVUNJT05BTCBEQSBVRk1HCiAKCkNvbSBhIGFwcmVzZW50Ye+/ve+/vW8gZGVzdGEgbGljZW7vv71hLCB2b2Pvv70gKG8gYXV0b3IgKGVzKSBvdSBvIHRpdHVsYXIgZG9zIGRpcmVpdG9zIGRlIGF1dG9yKSBjb25jZWRlIGFvIFJlcG9zaXTvv71yaW8gSW5zdGl0dWNpb25hbCBkYSBVRk1HIChSSS1VRk1HKSBvIGRpcmVpdG8gbu+/vW8gZXhjbHVzaXZvIGUgaXJyZXZvZ++/vXZlbCBkZSByZXByb2R1emlyIGUvb3UgZGlzdHJpYnVpciBhIHN1YSBwdWJsaWNh77+977+9byAoaW5jbHVpbmRvIG8gcmVzdW1vKSBwb3IgdG9kbyBvIG11bmRvIG5vIGZvcm1hdG8gaW1wcmVzc28gZSBlbGV0cu+/vW5pY28gZSBlbSBxdWFscXVlciBtZWlvLCBpbmNsdWluZG8gb3MgZm9ybWF0b3Mg77+9dWRpbyBvdSB277+9ZGVvLgoKVm9j77+9IGRlY2xhcmEgcXVlIGNvbmhlY2UgYSBwb2zvv710aWNhIGRlIGNvcHlyaWdodCBkYSBlZGl0b3JhIGRvIHNldSBkb2N1bWVudG8gZSBxdWUgY29uaGVjZSBlIGFjZWl0YSBhcyBEaXJldHJpemVzIGRvIFJJLVVGTUcuCgpWb2Pvv70gY29uY29yZGEgcXVlIG8gUmVwb3NpdO+/vXJpbyBJbnN0aXR1Y2lvbmFsIGRhIFVGTUcgcG9kZSwgc2VtIGFsdGVyYXIgbyBjb250Ze+/vWRvLCB0cmFuc3BvciBhIHN1YSBwdWJsaWNh77+977+9byBwYXJhIHF1YWxxdWVyIG1laW8gb3UgZm9ybWF0byBwYXJhIGZpbnMgZGUgcHJlc2VydmHvv73vv71vLgoKVm9j77+9IHRhbWLvv71tIGNvbmNvcmRhIHF1ZSBvIFJlcG9zaXTvv71yaW8gSW5zdGl0dWNpb25hbCBkYSBVRk1HIHBvZGUgbWFudGVyIG1haXMgZGUgdW1hIGPvv71waWEgZGUgc3VhIHB1YmxpY2Hvv73vv71vIHBhcmEgZmlucyBkZSBzZWd1cmFu77+9YSwgYmFjay11cCBlIHByZXNlcnZh77+977+9by4KClZvY++/vSBkZWNsYXJhIHF1ZSBhIHN1YSBwdWJsaWNh77+977+9byDvv70gb3JpZ2luYWwgZSBxdWUgdm9j77+9IHRlbSBvIHBvZGVyIGRlIGNvbmNlZGVyIG9zIGRpcmVpdG9zIGNvbnRpZG9zIG5lc3RhIGxpY2Vu77+9YS4gVm9j77+9IHRhbWLvv71tIGRlY2xhcmEgcXVlIG8gZGVw77+9c2l0byBkZSBzdWEgcHVibGljYe+/ve+/vW8gbu+/vW8sIHF1ZSBzZWphIGRlIHNldSBjb25oZWNpbWVudG8sIGluZnJpbmdlIGRpcmVpdG9zIGF1dG9yYWlzIGRlIG5pbmd177+9bS4KCkNhc28gYSBzdWEgcHVibGljYe+/ve+/vW8gY29udGVuaGEgbWF0ZXJpYWwgcXVlIHZvY++/vSBu77+9byBwb3NzdWkgYSB0aXR1bGFyaWRhZGUgZG9zIGRpcmVpdG9zIGF1dG9yYWlzLCB2b2Pvv70gZGVjbGFyYSBxdWUgb2J0ZXZlIGEgcGVybWlzc++/vW8gaXJyZXN0cml0YSBkbyBkZXRlbnRvciBkb3MgZGlyZWl0b3MgYXV0b3JhaXMgcGFyYSBjb25jZWRlciBhbyBSZXBvc2l077+9cmlvIEluc3RpdHVjaW9uYWwgZGEgVUZNRyBvcyBkaXJlaXRvcyBhcHJlc2VudGFkb3MgbmVzdGEgbGljZW7vv71hLCBlIHF1ZSBlc3NlIG1hdGVyaWFsIGRlIHByb3ByaWVkYWRlIGRlIHRlcmNlaXJvcyBlc3Tvv70gY2xhcmFtZW50ZSBpZGVudGlmaWNhZG8gZSByZWNvbmhlY2lkbyBubyB0ZXh0byBvdSBubyBjb250Ze+/vWRvIGRhIHB1YmxpY2Hvv73vv71vIG9yYSBkZXBvc2l0YWRhLgoKQ0FTTyBBIFBVQkxJQ0Hvv73vv71PIE9SQSBERVBPU0lUQURBIFRFTkhBIFNJRE8gUkVTVUxUQURPIERFIFVNIFBBVFJPQ++/vU5JTyBPVSBBUE9JTyBERSBVTUEgQUfvv71OQ0lBIERFIEZPTUVOVE8gT1UgT1VUUk8gT1JHQU5JU01PLCBWT0Pvv70gREVDTEFSQSBRVUUgUkVTUEVJVE9VIFRPRE9TIEUgUVVBSVNRVUVSIERJUkVJVE9TIERFIFJFVklT77+9TyBDT01PIFRBTULvv71NIEFTIERFTUFJUyBPQlJJR0Hvv73vv71FUyBFWElHSURBUyBQT1IgQ09OVFJBVE8gT1UgQUNPUkRPLgoKTyBSZXBvc2l077+9cmlvIEluc3RpdHVjaW9uYWwgZGEgVUZNRyBzZSBjb21wcm9tZXRlIGEgaWRlbnRpZmljYXIgY2xhcmFtZW50ZSBvIHNldSBub21lKHMpIG91IG8ocykgbm9tZXMocykgZG8ocykgZGV0ZW50b3IoZXMpIGRvcyBkaXJlaXRvcyBhdXRvcmFpcyBkYSBwdWJsaWNh77+977+9bywgZSBu77+9byBmYXLvv70gcXVhbHF1ZXIgYWx0ZXJh77+977+9bywgYWzvv71tIGRhcXVlbGFzIGNvbmNlZGlkYXMgcG9yIGVzdGEgbGljZW7vv71hLgo=Repositório de PublicaçõesPUBhttps://repositorio.ufmg.br/oaiopendoar:2023-04-14T20:15:41Repositório Institucional da UFMG - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)false |
dc.title.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Trading deforestation-why the legality of forest-risk commodities is insufficient |
dc.title.alternative.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Comércio de desmatamento – por que a legalidade das commodities com risco florestal é insuficiente |
title |
Trading deforestation-why the legality of forest-risk commodities is insufficient |
spellingShingle |
Trading deforestation-why the legality of forest-risk commodities is insufficient Tiago N P dos reis Commodity supply-chains Traded deforestation Legal CO2 emissions Brazilian Forest Code Legislation requirements Export-driven agricultural expansion Bold sustainability criteria Opções de commodities Desmatamento Dióxido de carbono Florestas - Legislação |
title_short |
Trading deforestation-why the legality of forest-risk commodities is insufficient |
title_full |
Trading deforestation-why the legality of forest-risk commodities is insufficient |
title_fullStr |
Trading deforestation-why the legality of forest-risk commodities is insufficient |
title_full_unstemmed |
Trading deforestation-why the legality of forest-risk commodities is insufficient |
title_sort |
Trading deforestation-why the legality of forest-risk commodities is insufficient |
author |
Tiago N P dos reis |
author_facet |
Tiago N P dos reis Vinicius Guidotti de Faria Gabriela Russo Lopes Gerd Sparovek Christopher David West Raoni Guerra Lucas Rajão Mariana Napolitano Ferreira Marcelo M S Elvira Raul S T do Valle |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Vinicius Guidotti de Faria Gabriela Russo Lopes Gerd Sparovek Christopher David West Raoni Guerra Lucas Rajão Mariana Napolitano Ferreira Marcelo M S Elvira Raul S T do Valle |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Tiago N P dos reis Vinicius Guidotti de Faria Gabriela Russo Lopes Gerd Sparovek Christopher David West Raoni Guerra Lucas Rajão Mariana Napolitano Ferreira Marcelo M S Elvira Raul S T do Valle |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Commodity supply-chains Traded deforestation Legal CO2 emissions Brazilian Forest Code Legislation requirements Export-driven agricultural expansion Bold sustainability criteria |
topic |
Commodity supply-chains Traded deforestation Legal CO2 emissions Brazilian Forest Code Legislation requirements Export-driven agricultural expansion Bold sustainability criteria Opções de commodities Desmatamento Dióxido de carbono Florestas - Legislação |
dc.subject.other.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Opções de commodities Desmatamento Dióxido de carbono Florestas - Legislação |
description |
Consumer countries and blocs, including the UK and the EU, are defining legal measures to tackle deforestation linked to commodity imports, potentially requiring imported goods to comply with the relevant producer countries’ land-use laws. Nonetheless, this measure is insufficient to address global deforestation. Using Brazil’s example of a key exporter of forest-risk commodities, here we show that it has ∼3.25 Mha of natural habitat (storing ∼152.8 million tons of potential CO2 emissions) at a high risk of legal deforestation until 2025. Additionally, the country’s legal framework is going through modifications to legalize agricultural production in illegally deforested areas. What was illegal may become legal shortly. Hence, a legality criterion adopted by consumer countries is insufficient to protect forests and other ecosystems and may worsen deforestation and conversion risks by incentivizing the weakening of social environmental protection by producer countries. |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2021 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2023-04-14T20:15:41Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2023-04-14T20:15:41Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/1843/51986 |
dc.identifier.doi.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac358d |
dc.identifier.issn.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
1748-9326 |
dc.identifier.orcid.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5256-3978 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3639-2101 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0161-6339 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8301-8529 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5091-6514 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1133-4837 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac358d http://hdl.handle.net/1843/51986 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5256-3978 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3639-2101 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0161-6339 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8301-8529 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5091-6514 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1133-4837 |
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1748-9326 |
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eng |
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eng |
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Environmental research letters |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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openAccess |
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application/pdf |
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Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais |
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UFMG |
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Brasil |
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ENG - DEPARTAMENTO DE ENGENHARIA PRODUÇÃO |
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Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais |
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