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2024-04-23T14:36:16Z2024-04-23T14:36:16Z2020-03564e16433511https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2019.1643351678-4456http://hdl.handle.net/1843/67577https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5396-3818https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7947-6858https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3195-9586https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0762-7407https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7130-6961https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7505-1126https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5392-4686http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6734-0216https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8104-6830West Nile virus (WNV) is a neurovirulent mosquito-borne Flavivirus that is maintained in nature by a zoonotic transmission cycle between avian hosts and ornithophilic mosquito vectors, mostly from the Culex genus. Until the 1990s, WNV was considered to be an old-world arbovirus, but in 1999, WNV emerged in the United States (US) and spread rapidly, becoming a major threat to public health. WNV adapted to the transmission cycle involving American mosquitoes and birds and reached Central and South America in subsequent years. In 2003, the National West Nile Fever Surveillance System was created in Brazil based on serological screening of animals and sentinel vectors, as recommended by the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) and the World Health Organization (WHO). Since 2008, serological evidence of WNV infection in Brazilian horses has been reported, and the circulation of WNV has been monitored through the regular serological screening of sentinel horses and reporting of encephalomyelitis cases. Horses are highly susceptible to WNV infection, and outbreaks of neurological disease among horses often precede human cases. In this regard, equine surveillance has been essential in providing early warning to public and animal health authorities in several countries, including Brazil. This demonstrates the need for animal and public health intervention programs to allocate resources to make veterinarians aware of the role they can play in the human surveillance processes by monitoring horses. This review discusses the importance of equine surveillance and the gap that veterinarians can fill on the front line in human surveillance, in Brazil and worldwide, in the context of “One Health”.O vírus do Nilo Ocidental (WNV) é um flavivírus neuropatogênico transmitido por mosquito, mantido na natureza em um ciclo de transmissão zoonótica entre as aves e os mosquitos ornitofílicos, principalmente do gênero Culex. Até a década de 1990, o WNV era considerado um arbovírus do mundo antigo, mas em 1999 surgiu nos Estados Unidos da América e se espalhou rapidamente, tornando-se uma grande ameaça à saúde pública. O WNV se adaptou ao ciclo envolvendo mosquitos e pássaros americanos e chegou à América Central e do Sul nos anos subsequentes. Em 2003, o Sistema Nacional de Vigilância da Febre do Nilo Ocidental no Brasil foi criado com base na triagem sorológica de animais sentinelas e vetores, conforme recomendado pela Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde (OPAS) e pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS). Desde 2008, evidências sorológicas de infecção por WNV em equinos brasileiros têm sido relatadas e a circulação do WNV monitorada por meio de triagem sorológica de cavalos sentinelas, além da notificação de casos de encefalomielite. Os equinos são altamente suscetíveis ao WNV e surtos de doenças neurológicas geralmente precedem casos humanos. Nesse sentido, a vigilância equina tem sido essencial para fornecer um alerta precoce às autoridades de saúde pública e animal em vários países, incluindo o Brasil. Isso demonstra a necessidade de programas de intervenção em saúde pública e animal para alocar recursos e conscientizar os médicos veterinários sobre seu papel em processos de vigilância humana que envolvam equinos. Nesta revisão, é discutida a importância da vigilância equina e dos médicos veterinários como linha de frente na vigilância humana no Brasil e no mundo, no contexto de saúde única.CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoFAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas GeraisengUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisUFMGBrasilVETER - ESCOLA DE VETERINARIABrazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal ScienceEquinoConscientizaçãoFlavivirusBrasilVigilância equinaVírus do Nilo OcidentalConscientizaçãoFlavivírusBrasilEpidemiological surveillance of West Nile virus in the world and Brazil: relevance of equine surveillance in the context of “One Health”Vigilância epidemiológica do vírus do Nilo Ocidental no mundo e no Brasil: relevância da vigilância equina no contexto de saúde únicainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttps://www.revistas.usp.br/bjvras/article/view/164335José Joffre Martins BayeuxRaffaella Bertoni Cavalcanti TeixeiraErica Azevedo CostaAila Solimar Gonçalves SilvaGuilherme Alves de QueirozBeatriz Senra Álvares da Silva SantosMarcele Neves RochaIzabelle Silva RehfeldLuisa Feliciano de Souza FranklinLívia Braga ValleMaria Isabel Maldonado Coelho Guedesapplication/pdfinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFMGinstname:Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)instacron:UFMGLICENSELicense.txtLicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-82042https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/67577/1/License.txtfa505098d172de0bc8864fc1287ffe22MD51ORIGINALEpidemiological surveillance of West Nile virus in the world and Brazil relevance of equine surveillance in the context of “One Health”.pdfEpidemiological surveillance of West Nile virus in the world and Brazil relevance of equine surveillance in the context of “One Health”.pdfapplication/pdf965517https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/67577/2/Epidemiological%20surveillance%20of%20West%20Nile%20virus%20in%20the%20world%20and%20Brazil%20relevance%20of%20equine%20surveillance%20in%20the%20context%20of%20%e2%80%9cOne%20Health%e2%80%9d.pdf73d8c6ee68bd107d1b4eef74dc90a8c7MD521843/675772024-04-23 11:36:16.854oai:repositorio.ufmg.br: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Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://repositorio.ufmg.br/oaiopendoar:2024-04-23T14:36:16Repositório Institucional da UFMG - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)false
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