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Vânya Márcia Duarte Pasahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5440854176015363Isabel Cristina Pereira FortesPatricia Alejandra Robles AzocarCamila Nunes Costa Corgozinhohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4992440831694335Thales Silva Campos2023-02-03T19:08:20Z2023-02-03T19:08:20Z2020-08-26http://hdl.handle.net/1843/49521A poluição atmosférica tem se mostrado um risco ao nosso planeta, uma vez que os níveis de gases emitidos nas queimas dos combustíveis fósseis, como o CO2, NOx e SOx, têm aumentado. Para tentar minimizar a emissão desses poluentes, fontes alternativas de energia têm sido bastante estudadas com o intuito de substituir parcialmente ou totalmente esses combustíveis de origem fóssil. A biomassa é uma alternativa promissora, que pode ser transformada em energia através de diversos processos, podendo ser térmicos, biológicos ou químicos. No entanto, esses devem ser economicamente atrativos para que possam ser inseridos no mercado e competir com a matriz energética atualmente consolidada. Este trabalho propõe a utilização de NbOPO4 como catalisador para a produção de biocombustível, através da pirólise de óleos vegetais. A pirólise de óleos vegetais forma um produto líquido denominado bio-óleo que é uma mistura de hidrocarbonetos diversos e oxigenados, e dependendo do tipo e condições dos experimentos, este produto pode ser utilizado como biocombustível ou blendas para combustíveis. O NbOPO4 foi adicionado, como catalisador, ao sabão de magnésio produzido a partir do óleo vegetal de crambe, que posteriormente foi pirolisado. O bio-óleo, foi caracterizado por espectroscopia na região do infravermelho (FTIR- ATR) e cromatografia gasosa acoplada a um detector de massas (CG-MS). Observou-se que a pirólise do sabão contendo catalisador de nióbio, promoveu uma maior desoxigenação no bio-óleo obtido e um pequeno aumento na quantidade de compostos parafínicos. Outra observação importante é que o maior percentual de compostos produzidos no líquido pirolisado do sabão não catalisado (50%) apresentou faixa de cadeia carbônica referente aos combustíveis de diesel, e a segunda maior parte (33%) em compostos com cadeia semelhante ao querosene. A adição de NbOPO4 promoveu um maior craqueamento das cadeias carbônicas, produzindo então maior percentual em compostos com cadeias similares ao querosene (42%) e gasolina (32%). Esses resultados mostram o potencial deste processo para obter bio-óleos para serem utilizados como combustíveis.The air pollution is one of the biggest problems currently in our society. Particularly the atmospheric pollution has been showing a risk to our planet once the amount of the emission of gases from the fossil fuels, such as CO2, NOx and SOx, have been growing exponentially. On the other hand, many alternative technologies to replace the mainly polluting agents, for example the fossil fuels, which emit gases that increase the greenhouse effect. Trying to minimize the large emission of these pollutants, alterative sources of energy have been studied aiming the total change or partially replacing the fossil fuels. The vegetable biomass it’s a promising alterative that can be transformed in energy through many different processes, such as thermal, biological or chemical. Otherwise, theses process must be economical attractive, to be insert on the market and compete with the currently consolidated energy matrix. This work, proposes as a alternative, the use of NbOPO4 as a catalyst to the production of biofuels, through pyrolysis of vegetable oils. The pyrolysis of the vegetable oils produces a liquid product denominated bio-oil, which is a mixture of diverse hydrocarbons and a certain amount of oxygenated compounds. Depending on the kinds and conditions of the experiments, this product can be utilized as biofuels or blends to them. The niobium phosphate was add, as a catalyst to the magnesium soap that was produced from the vegetal oil of crambe, and after it was pyrolyzed. The bio-oil, was characterized with spectrometric infrared (FTIR-ATR) and gas chromatography with mass detector (GC-MS). It was realized that the pyrolysis of the catalyzed soap leaded to a higher deoxygenation on the bio-oil produced and a slight increase of paraffinic compounds. Another important observation is that the higher percent of compounds produced on the bio-oil from the soap with no catalyst (50%) shows the range of carbons that can be compared with the green diesel fuel, and the second higher part (33%) with the compounds that represent the jet-fuel. The addition of NbOPO4 promoted a increase of the craking process, producing this way, a higher percentage of compounds with chains similarly to the jet-fuels (42%) and gasoline (32%). These results shows the potential that theses bio fuels have to be used as biofuels.CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoFINEP - Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Financiadora de Estudos e ProjetosOutra AgênciaporUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisPrograma de Pós-Graduação em QuímicaUFMGBrasilICX - DEPARTAMENTO DE QUÍMICAhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/pt/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessBiocombustíveisCatalisadoresBiomassaPiróliseÓleos vegetais como combustívelCromatografia de gásEspectrometria de massaEspectroscopia de infravermelhoCatalisador NbOPO4BiocombustívelPiróliseÓleo vegetalPirólise catalítica do óleo de crambe para produção de biocombustíveis drop-ininfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFMGinstname:Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)instacron:UFMGORIGINALDissertação Mestrado Thales Campos - Corigida - final.pdfDissertação Mestrado Thales Campos - Corigida - final.pdfDissertação Mestrado Thales Camposapplication/pdf9061069https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/49521/3/Dissertac%cc%a7a%cc%83o%20Mestrado%20Thales%20Campos%20-%20Corigida%20-%20final.pdfc2dfcd9da6ee3ef90a64a4587db566f1MD53CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8805https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/49521/4/license_rdf00e5e6a57d5512d202d12cb48704dfd6MD54LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-82118https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/49521/5/license.txtcda590c95a0b51b4d15f60c9642ca272MD551843/495212023-02-03 16:08:21.4oai:repositorio.ufmg.br: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ório InstitucionalPUBhttps://repositorio.ufmg.br/oaiopendoar:2023-02-03T19:08:21Repositório Institucional da UFMG - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)false
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