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2022-03-14T13:55:49Z2022-03-14T13:55:49Z2018612405462https://doi.org/10.1590/00115258201815716784588http://hdl.handle.net/1843/40052https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-8200-0121Promulgada em 2012, a Lei das Cotas (LdasC) estabeleceu um padrão mínimo para as ações afirmativas no acesso ao ensino superior federal. A evidência sugere que a LdasC mudou o perfil dos discentes, sem prejuízo acadêmico. Porém, diversos aspectos dessa ação afirmativa podem comprometer sua efetividade. Este estudo ambiciona formular hipóteses sobre mecanismos pelos quais a LdasC impacta as chances de diferentes grupos acessarem a educação terciária, e dimensiona esses impactos. Mobiliza a teoria das disposições incorporadas, de Bourdieu e Passeron, para prever reações na demanda pela UFMG, e o Axioma de Identificação de Roemer, para mensurar desigualdades de oportunidade no acesso. Um experimento natural, com atribuição “como se” aleatória ao tratamento (maior percentual de vagas reservadas em 2015 em relação a 2014) para indivíduos de certa idade, e uma estratégia de pareamento (matching frontier) possibilitam inferências causais. São empregados microdados do ENEM e Censos Escolares, e dados dos candidatos a cursos presenciais oferecidos em Belo Horizonte. Os achados indicam que a LdasC: i) aqueceu a demanda pelo ensino superior entre seu público-alvo; ii) reduziu desigualdades no acesso para concluintes do ensino médio; e iii) foi mais efetiva nas ofertas com menor relação candidato/vaga, nas licenciaturas e nos cursos diurnos.Promulgated in 2012, the Law of Quotas (LdasC) established a minimum standard for affirmative action in access to federal higher education. The evidence suggests that the LdasC changed the profile of the students, without academic damage. However, several aspects of affirmative action may compromise its effectiveness. This study aims to formulate hypotheses about the mechanisms by which LdasC impacts the chances of different groups to access tertiary education, and it measures these impacts. It mobilizes Bourdieu and Passeron’s theory of embodiments to predict reactions in demand by UFMG and Roemer’s Axiom of Identification to measure inequalities of opportunity in access. A natural experiment, with a random “as if” attribution to treatment (greater percentage of vacancies reserved in 2015 than in 2014) for individuals of a certain age, and a matching frontier allow causal inferences. They are employees of the ENEM and School Censuses, and data of the candidates for face-to-face courses offered in Belo Horizonte. The findings indicate that LdasC: i) warmed the demand for higher education among its target audience; ii) reduced access inequalities for high school graduates; and iii) it was more effective in the offers with lower candidate / vacancy ratio, in the degrees and in the day courses.CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorporUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisUFMGBrasilFAF - DEPARTAMENTO DE CIÊNCIA POLÍTICADados: Revista de Ciências SociaisProgramas de ação afirmativaEnsino superiorUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisAções afirmartivasLei das CotasAcesso ao ensino superiorUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisExperimento naturalOferta, demanda e nota de corte: experimento natural sobre efeitos da Lei das Cotas no acesso à Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisSupply, demand and cut-off note: natural experiment on effects of the Quotas Law on access to the Federal University of Minas GeraisOferta, demanda y nota de corte: experimento natural sobre efectos de la Ley de las Cuotas en el acceso a la Universidad Federal de Minas Geraisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dados.iesp.uerj.br/artigos/?id=1111Ana Paula Karruzapplication/pdfinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFMGinstname:Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)instacron:UFMGLICENSELicense.txtLicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-82042https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/40052/1/License.txtfa505098d172de0bc8864fc1287ffe22MD51ORIGINALanaKarruzOfertaDemanda.pdfanaKarruzOfertaDemanda.pdfapplication/pdf441079https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/40052/2/anaKarruzOfertaDemanda.pdfc577c5c56a63cbc9a2fa513bd37bd0f4MD521843/400522022-03-14 10:55:50.077oai:repositorio.ufmg.br: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Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://repositorio.ufmg.br/oaiopendoar:2022-03-14T13:55:50Repositório Institucional da UFMG - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)false
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