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Míriam Cristina Santos Amaralhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1901180413775034Lucilaine Valéria de Souza SantosAdriano Aguiar MendesRubén Dario Sinisterra Millánhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6031885087987480Victor Rezende Moreira2023-02-13T19:49:50Z2023-02-13T19:49:50Z2021-08-17http://hdl.handle.net/1843/49960A safe drinking water supply relies on the efficiency of drinking water facilities to remove the contaminants from raw surface water, among them arsenic. At first, dead-end ultrafiltration (UFs) was integrated to a conventional drinking water treatment process (pre-oxidation, coagulation-flocculation, decantation, and sand filtration) as a strategy for arsenic control in drinking water. Different turbidities (control, 300 and 1000 NTU) and arsenic concentration (0.015 – 0.4 mg/L) were considered, in addition to the interference of iron and manganese. Conventional treatment processes were highly dependent on surface water quality, although the removal of colour and turbidity seems not to be a major concern. The results reinforced the limitation of the conventional treatment process for attaining the threshold values especially for arsenic and manganese, an issue overcame by the implementation of an UFs (CAs: <5 μg/L; CMn: <0.1 mg/L e CFe < 0.08 mg/L). A sensitive analysis demonstrated that the implementation of a UF becomes more economically attractive in facilities with a greater treatment flow rate. As the treatment capacity increased (0.108 – 12,690 m3/h) the operating costs decreased (0.98 – 0.81 US$/m3). A second strategy combined a pre-oxidation process and recycled reverse osmosis membranes (UFr), which efficiency was compared with commercially available UF membranes. The pre-oxidation employed was effective in converting soluble species into colloids and complexes that were later removed by ultrafiltration units even under high turbidity conditions (1000 NTU). The UFr was capable to retain even the complexes of smaller equivalent diameters, being the only system capable to attain the threshold values for all three contaminants. Despite the lower permeate flux and shorter membrane lifespan for UFr, the process still presented the lowest operating cost (0.310 US$/m³) and the highest rate of return compared to the other configurations. The advantages of UFr could be extended to environmental aspects as diminishes the disposal of end-of-life membranes in landfills whilst attaining the technical and economical pre-requisites for novel technologies being sought for a safe drinking water supply. Moreover, the results suggested that ultrafiltration can be used to retrofit drinking water treatment plants, guaranteeing a safe drinking water supply.Um abastecimento seguro de água potável depende da eficácia das estações de tratamento em remover os contaminantes da água bruta, entre eles o arsênio. Com este intuito, um módulo de ultrafiltração submerso (UFs) foi integrado ao processo convencional de tratamento de água (pré-oxidação, coagulação-floculação, decantação e filtração em areia) como estratégia de controle a remoção arsênio. Diferentes condições turbidez (controle, 300 e 1000 NTU) e concentrações de arsênio (0,015 - 0,4 mg/L) foram consideradas, além da interferência do ferro e manganês. Os processos convencionais se demonstraram altamente dependentes das características físico-química da água bruta. Os resultados reforçaram a limitação dos processos convencionais para atingir os valores preconizados em legislação para arsênio e manganês, problema superado pela implantação da UFs (CAs: <5 μg/L; CMn: <0,1 mg/L e CFe < 0,08 mg/L). Uma análise econômica sensitiva demonstrou que a implantação da UFs torna-se mais atrativa em instalações de maior capacidade de tratamento. Conforme a capacidade de tratamento aumenta (0,108 - 12.690 m3/h), os custos operacionais reduzem (0,98 - 0,81 US$/m3). Uma segunda estratégia combinou os processos de pré-oxidação e membranas de osmose reversa reciclada (UFr), cuja eficiência foi comparada com membranas comercialmente disponíveis. A pré-oxidação promoveu a conversão de espécies solúveis em coloides e complexos que foram posteriormente removidos pelas unidades ultrafiltração mesmo em condições de alta turbidez (1000 NTU). A UFr foi capaz de reter até mesmo os complexos de menor diâmetro equivalente, sendo o único sistema capaz de atingir os valores limite para os três contaminantes. Apesar do menor fluxo de permeado e menor vida útil associado à UFr, o processo apresentou o menor custo operacional (0,310 US$/m³) e maior taxa de retorno em comparação com as outras configurações. As vantagens da UFr podem ser estendidas a outros aspectos ambientais, pois diminui o descarte de membranas em fim de vida em aterros e, ao mesmo tempo, atinge os pré-requisitos técnicos e econômicos para novas tecnologias que se buscam para um abastecimento de água potável. Os resultados ainda sugerem que os módulos de ultrafiltração podem contribuir para um abastecimento seguro de água potável.CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoFAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas GeraisCAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorengUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Saneamento, Meio Ambiente e Recursos HídricosUFMGBrasilENG - DEPARTAMENTO DE ENGENHARIA SANITÁRIA E AMBIENTALEngenharia sanitáriaMeio ambienteAbastecimento de águaMembranas (Tecnologia)ColóidesUltrafiltraçãoDrinking water treatmentMembranesColloidsSafe water supplyRecycled membranesUltrafiltrationRetrofit of conventional drinking water treatment plants : strategies for arsenic removal improvementinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFMGinstname:Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)instacron:UFMGORIGINALDissertação - versão final (2).pdfDissertação - versão final (2).pdfapplication/pdf2385793https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/49960/3/Dissertac%cc%a7a%cc%83o%20-%20vers%c3%a3o%20final%20%282%29.pdf32ab90b555fc32f264e0040f3b6e3998MD53LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-82118https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/49960/4/license.txtcda590c95a0b51b4d15f60c9642ca272MD541843/499602023-02-13 16:49:50.48oai:repositorio.ufmg.br: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ório InstitucionalPUBhttps://repositorio.ufmg.br/oaiopendoar:2023-02-13T19:49:50Repositório Institucional da UFMG - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)false
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